Suppose a study of heroin users shows 70% had used marijuana before they tried heroin. The conclusion of the study states all marijuana users will eventually try heroin. This conclusion:
is factual information.
is a hasty generalization.
is an unclear assumption.
needs no further support
The Correct Answer is B
A. The conclusion is not a statement of fact, but rather a generalization based on a study of a specific group of people. The fact that 70% of heroin users had used marijuana before does not automatically lead to the conclusion that all marijuana users will try heroin.
B. The conclusion makes an unwarranted leap by suggesting that because 70% of heroin users had used marijuana, all marijuana users will eventually try heroin. The sample studied doesn't represent all marijuana users, and making this broad statement about all marijuana users is an overgeneralization.
C. While the conclusion may be an assumption, it's more specific in that it makes a sweeping, unjustified generalization. The issue is not clarity, but the improper inference drawn from the data.
D. The conclusion actually needs much more support and is not logically valid as it stands. It makes a broad statement that is not directly supported by the data.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. prove statement one conclusively: While the additional statements provide support for the idea presented in statement one, they don't prove it conclusively. They give context and additional information but don't necessarily establish a direct proof.
B. explain why statement one is false: Statement one is not false, so this option is not correct. The other statements provide information that aligns with and supports statement one, not refute it.
C. provide support for statement one: Statements two, three, and four build upon statement one by showing how ancient civilizations used clay to record cultural ideas, honor individuals, and create pottery that gives us much of the knowledge we have about those civilizations.
D. describe all of the uses for clay: While the statements describe some uses for clay, they do not cover all possible uses. They are specifically focused on the cultural and historical significance of clay, not a comprehensive list of all clay's uses.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. If anything smells sweet, then it is a rose: This is the reverse of the original statement. The original statement only claims that roses smell sweet, not that all things that smell sweet are roses.
B. Roses smell sweet: This is the best interpretation of the statement. The original statement says, "If anything is a rose, then it smells sweet." This means roses, by definition, smell sweet. It is a direct implication of the original statement.
C. Things don't smell sweet unless they are roses: This is an incorrect interpretation. The original statement doesn’t claim that only roses smell sweet, just that if something is a rose, it will smell sweet. The reverse is not true.
D. One thing smells as sweet as a rose: This introduces a comparison that isn't part of the original statement. The original statement doesn't compare the sweetness of things; it just states that roses themselves smell sweet.
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