The 5 factors that affect and define the labor and birth process are:
Presentation, latent phase, powers, position and attitude
Passenger, passageway, powers, position and psychological response
Passenger, presentation, lie, attitude and station
Passageway, presentation. powers, contractions and position
The Correct Answer is B
A. Presentation, latent phase, powers, position and attitude. While "presentation," "powers," and "position" are relevant, the "latent phase" is a stage of labor, not a factor that affects the labor process. "Attitude" refers to the fetal posture but does not cover the entire process.
B. Passenger, passageway, powers, position and psychological response: These five factors are key components that affect labor and birth: Passenger: The fetus and placenta. Passageway: The birth canal. Powers: The contractions. Position: The mother’s position during labor. Psychological response: The mother’s emotional state during labor.
C. Passenger, presentation, lie, attitude and station: These terms describe aspects of the fetus's position and movement, but they do not encompass all the factors affecting labor.
D. Passageway, presentation, powers, contractions and position: This is close, but "psychological response" is missing, which is one of the essential components affecting labor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Bloody show from the vagina: Bloody show is a normal sign during the second stage of labor, indicating that the cervix is dilating and the labor is progressing. It does not require immediate reporting.
B. Early decelerations in the FHR: Early decelerations are often a benign finding during labor, typically caused by head compression and do not usually indicate distress.
C. Uterine contraction lasting 2 minutes: A uterine contraction lasting 2 minutes is considered prolonged, and this can lead to decreased blood flow to the fetus, resulting in fetal distress. The provider should be notified.
D. Pelvic pressure with contractions: Pelvic pressure is a normal part of the second stage of labor as the fetus descends into the birth canal. This is an expected finding and does not require immediate reporting.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Nothing—this is a normal finding. Fetal heart rate accelerations are reassuring and indicate good fetal oxygenation and well-being. No intervention is needed.
B. Place patient on her left side. Changing position is an intervention for decelerations or abnormal fetal heart rate patterns, not for accelerations.
C. Give oxygen: Oxygen is administered in cases of fetal distress, such as prolonged decelerations or bradycardia, but not for normal accelerations.
D. Call provider. Accelerations are a positive sign, and there is no need to call the provider for this normal finding.
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