The client arrives to the emergency department with syncope. After placing the telemetry monitor on the client, the nurse sees this rhythm. How should the nurse interpret this rhythm?

Complete (third-degree) heart block

Pacemaker rhythm

Sinus bradycardia

First-degree heart block

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Complete (third-degree) heart block: This rhythm is characterized by a lack of relationship between P waves and QRS complexes, indicating a complete dissociation between atrial and ventricular activity.

B. A pacemaker rhythm on an ECG is characterized by the presence of pacing spikes followed by P waves or QRS complexes, depending on whether the pacemaker is pacing the atrium or the ventricle. If the pacemaker is pacing the ventricle, the pacing spike will be followed by a QRS complex. The QRS complexes in a paced rhythm are often wider than normal.

C. Sinus bradycardia: Sinus bradycardia is a slow but regular rhythm originating from the sinus node, with normal P waves and QRS complexes.

D. First-degree heart block: First-degree heart block is characterized by a prolonged PR interval (greater than 0.20 seconds) but with all P waves followed by QRS complexes, differing from third-degree heart block.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Congenital valve abnormalities: Although congenital heart defects can cause aortic stenosis, rheumatic fever is a more common cause in adults.

B. Rheumatic fever: Rheumatic fever is the most common cause of aortic stenosis in adults, as it can lead to scarring and narrowing of the aortic valve.

C. Autoimmune deficiency syndrome: This is not associated with aortic stenosis.

D. Degenerative calcification of valve: This is a common cause of aortic stenosis in older adults, but it is generally less common than rheumatic fever as the primary cause in a younger or middle-aged population.

A. ventricular aneurysm B. heart failure C. pulmonary embolism D. dysrhythmia

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Ventricular aneurysm. Ventricular aneurysms are a complication that typically develops weeks or months after an MI.

B. Heart failure. While heart failure is a risk following an MI, it is more of a concern in the longer term after the acute phase.

C. Pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism is not a direct complication of MI and is less common in the immediate post-MI period.

D. Dysrhythmia: Within the first 24 hours following a myocardial infarction, dysrhythmias, particularly ventricular arrhythmias, are common and can be life-threatening. This is the highest risk during the early period after MI.

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The client arrives to the emergency department with syncope. After placing the telemetry monitor on the client, the nurse sees this rhythm. How should the nurse interpret this rhythm?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a client with aortic stenosis. Which finding in the client's history would the nurse identify as the most common cause of this condition?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A 55-year-old client who is diagnosed with an evolving myocardial infarction (MI) insists on going home. The nurse encourages the client to be admitted because he knows that within the first 24 hours of a MI, there is a high risk for which of the following?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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