The nurse is caring for a client who has developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which type of intravenous solution would the nurse expect to administer to the client?

3% hypertonic saline

Normal saline solution

Dextrose 5% in water

Lactated Ringers

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. 3% hypertonic saline: In SIADH, the body holds onto too much water, leading to dilutional hyponatremia. Hypertonic saline helps to slowly raise the sodium level and correct the dilution.

B. Normal saline solution: Normal saline (0.9%) would not be effective for SIADH as it is isotonic and would not correct the sodium imbalance.

C. Dextrose 5% in water: This would not be appropriate, as it contains free water and could exacerbate hyponatremia in a client with SIADH.

D. Lactated Ringers: This is an isotonic solution and would not effectively address the dilutional hyponatremia caused by SIADH.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Decreased peripheral pulses. Decreased pulses may be related to poor perfusion but are not a hallmark sign of right-sided heart failure.

B. S3 heart murmur. An S3 heart murmur is associated with left-sided heart failure due to fluid overload in the lungs.

C. Distended neck veins: Right-sided heart failure leads to the backup of blood in the systemic circulation, which often causes jugular vein distention (JVD), peripheral edema, and hepatomegaly.

D. Orthopnea. Orthopnea is a symptom of left-sided heart failure, where fluid builds up in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe when lying flat.

A. To increase hydration B. To control symptoms C. To promote nutrition D. To limit environmental hazards

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. To increase hydration: This is not a priority in terminal care. In fact, increasing hydration can be uncomfortable for dying patients who are often unable to process fluids effectively.

B. To control symptoms: The primary focus in end-of-life care is to manage symptoms, such as pain, difficulty breathing, and anxiety, to ensure the patient is as comfortable as possible.

C. To promote nutrition: At the end of life, promoting nutrition is usually not the priority, as the client may no longer desire food and may be unable to tolerate it.

D. To limit environmental hazards: While important, it is not the priority in terminal care. The focus should be on comfort and symptom control.

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The nurse is caring for a client who has developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which type of intravenous solution would the nurse expect to administer to the client?

Nursing Test Bank

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