The nurse is caring for a client who has developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which type of intravenous solution would the nurse expect to administer to the client?

3% hypertonic saline

Normal saline solution

Dextrose 5% in water

Lactated Ringers

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. 3% hypertonic saline: In SIADH, the body holds onto too much water, leading to dilutional hyponatremia. Hypertonic saline helps to slowly raise the sodium level and correct the dilution.

B. Normal saline solution: Normal saline (0.9%) would not be effective for SIADH as it is isotonic and would not correct the sodium imbalance.

C. Dextrose 5% in water: This would not be appropriate, as it contains free water and could exacerbate hyponatremia in a client with SIADH.

D. Lactated Ringers: This is an isotonic solution and would not effectively address the dilutional hyponatremia caused by SIADH.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Junctional tachycardia: Junctional tachycardia originates from the atrioventricular (AV) node, with a faster rate and usually no visible P waves preceding the QRS complexes.

B. Sinus tachycardia: Sinus tachycardia is characterized by a regular, rapid heart rhythm originating from the sinus node, typically seen after exercise, with identifiable P waves before each QRS complex.

C. Atrial flutter: Atrial flutter presents with a “sawtooth” pattern of P waves, indicating rapid atrial contractions, which is different from sinus tachycardia.

D. Ventricular fibrillation: Ventricular fibrillation is a chaotic and irregular rhythm originating from the ventricles, which is a life-threatening condition.

A. It decreases spasm of the coronary arteries B. It increases the force of myocardial contraction C. It helps prevent clotting in the coronary arteries. D. It reduces the "fight or flight" response.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. It decreases spasm of the coronary arteries: Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker that relaxes vascular smooth muscle, making it effective in treating coronary artery spasms in Prinzmetal's angina.

B. It increases the force of myocardial contraction: Amlodipine does not increase myocardial contractility; it primarily affects vascular tone.

C. It helps prevent clotting in the coronary arteries: Amlodipine is not an anticoagulant or antiplatelet agent.

D. It reduces the "fight or flight" response: Beta-blockers, not amlodipine, are typically associated with reducing the sympathetic nervous system response.

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The nurse is caring for a client who has developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which type of intravenous solution would the nurse expect to administer to the client?

Nursing Test Bank

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