The client diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency presents to the outpatient department for the follow-up evaluation. Which nursing assessment finding indicates that the treatment has been effective? The client:

Choice A reason: Performing meditation every day will not be the most important information that the nurse should stress first. Meditation is a practice that involves focusing the mind on a particular object, thought, or activity, and can help reduce stress, anxiety, and blood pressure. However, meditation alone is not enough to prevent or treat coronary artery disease, which is a condition where the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked by plaque. The nurse should advise the client to practice meditation as a complementary therapy, but not as the primary intervention.

Choice B reason: It is important to look into a smoking cessation program is the most important information that the nurse should stress first. Smoking is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, as it damages the lining of the arteries, increases the buildup of plaque, reduces the oxygen in the blood, and raises the blood pressure and heart rate. Smoking can also worsen the symptoms and complications of coronary artery disease, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or heart attack. The nurse should urge the client to quit smoking as soon as possible, and provide them with resources and support to help them achieve this goal.

Choice C reason: It is important to take a fish oil capsule daily is not the most important information that the nurse should stress first. Fish oil is a source of omega-3 fatty acids, which are beneficial for the heart and blood vessels, as they can lower the triglycerides, reduce inflammation, and prevent blood clots. However, fish oil alone is not enough to prevent or treat coronary artery disease, which is a condition where the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked by plaque. The nurse should recommend the client to take fish oil as a supplement, but not as the main treatment.

Choice D reason: You will not be able to eat meat or have other fats in your diet is not the most important information that the nurse should stress first. A healthy diet is essential for preventing and managing coronary artery disease, as it can help lower the cholesterol, blood pressure, and weight, and improve the blood flow and oxygen to the heart. However, a healthy diet does not mean that the client has to avoid all meat or fats, as some of them can be beneficial for the heart, such as lean meat, poultry, fish, nuts, seeds, or olive oil. The nurse should educate the client to limit the intake of saturated and trans fats, which are found in red meat, butter, cheese, pastries, or fried foods, and to choose more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products.

Choice A reason: Placing the patch on the anterior chest is not the best discharge instruction for this client. Clonidine is a drug that lowers blood pressure by stimulating alpha-2 receptors in the brain. ¹ The patch delivers the drug through the skin and into the bloodstream. ² The patch should be applied to a hairless area on the upper arm or torso, not the chest, to ensure proper absorption and avoid irritation. ³

Choice B reason: Removing the patch if a headache develops is not a good discharge instruction for this client. Headache is a common side effect of clonidine, especially when starting or changing the dose. ² Removing the patch abruptly may cause a rebound increase in blood pressure, which can be dangerous. ³ The client should keep the patch on for 7 days, unless instructed otherwise by the provider, and report any severe or persistent headaches.

Choice C reason: Rotating the application sites and inspecting the skin is the best discharge instruction for this client. Rotating the sites helps prevent skin irritation and allergic reactions from the patch. ³ Inspecting the skin helps detect any signs of infection, inflammation, or rash that may require medical attention. The client should also wash the old site with soap and water after removing the patch. ²

Choice D reason: Monitoring weight on a daily basis is not a necessary discharge instruction for this client. Weight is not a sensitive indicator of the effectiveness or safety of clonidine therapy. Weight may be monitored periodically to assess the client's fluid status and possible signs of heart failure, which clonidine can help prevent. ¹ However, this is not a priority action for the client using the patch.