The nurse is conducting dietary teaching for a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of fat sources and the need to limit saturated fats?

"Meat and eggs mostly contain unsaturated fats."

"Coconut oil has a rich flavor and is a good cooking oil."

"Olive oil is a monounsaturated fat and is recommended."

"Butter is high in saturated fats so I should avoid it."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: This is not a correct statement. Meat and eggs mostly contain saturated fats, which are fats that have no double bonds between the carbon atoms. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature and can raise the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood. LDL cholesterol is also known as the "bad" cholesterol because it can deposit on the walls of the arteries and cause atherosclerosis, which is the narrowing and hardening of the arteries. The client should limit the intake of saturated fats to less than 10% of the total calories per day.

Choice B reason: This is not a correct statement. Coconut oil is a saturated fat, which is a fat that has no double bonds between the carbon atoms. Coconut oil is solid at room temperature and can raise the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood. LDL cholesterol is also known as the "bad" cholesterol because it can deposit on the walls of the arteries and cause atherosclerosis, which is the narrowing and hardening of the arteries. The client should avoid or limit the use of coconut oil and other sources of saturated fats.

Choice C reason: This is the correct statement. Olive oil is a monounsaturated fat, which is a fat that has one double bond between the carbon atoms. Monounsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature and can lower the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood. LDL cholesterol is also known as the "bad" cholesterol because it can deposit on the walls of the arteries and cause atherosclerosis, which is the narrowing and hardening of the arteries. The client should use olive oil and other sources of monounsaturated fats instead of saturated fats.

Choice D reason: This is not a correct statement. Butter is high in saturated fats, which are fats that have no double bonds between the carbon atoms. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature and can raise the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood. LDL cholesterol is also known as the "bad" cholesterol because it can deposit on the walls of the arteries and cause atherosclerosis, which is the narrowing and hardening of the arteries. The client should avoid or limit the intake of butter and other sources of saturated fats.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Admission blood pressure is 110/70 is not the information that the nurse must report to the health care provider prior to the procedure. This is a normal blood pressure reading for an adult client and does not indicate any contraindication or complication for the cardiac angiogram.

Choice B reason: Client has multiple food and drug allergies is the information that the nurse must report to the health care provider prior to the procedure. This is a critical information that may affect the choice of contrast agent, medications, or equipment used for the cardiac angiogram. The nurse should identify the specific allergens and the type and severity of the allergic reactions that the client has experienced in the past.

Choice C reason: Pedal pulses are 1+ bilaterally is not the information that the nurse must report to the health care provider prior to the procedure. This is a low-normal finding for the strength of the peripheral pulses and does not indicate any significant vascular impairment or obstruction. The nurse should document and monitor the pedal pulses, but not necessarily report them.

Choice D reason: Client is slightly anxious is not the information that the nurse must report to the health care provider prior to the procedure. This is a common and expected emotional response for a client who is undergoing an invasive diagnostic test and does not require any immediate intervention. The nurse should provide reassurance and education to the client and address any concerns or questions that they may have.

A. Respiratory rate and depth B. Rectal temperature C. Blood pressure lying, sitting and standing D. Pulse oximetry reading at rest

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is not the best answer. Respiratory rate and depth can indicate the client's oxygenation and ventilation, but not necessarily their fluid status. The client may have normal or increased respiratory rate and depth due to dehydration, acidosis, or anxiety, but this does not reflect their fluid volume or distribution. The nurse should monitor the client's respiratory rate and depth, but also assess other parameters of fluid status.

Choice B reason: This is not the best answer. Rectal temperature can indicate the client's core body temperature, but not necessarily their fluid status. The client may have normal or elevated rectal temperature due to infection, inflammation, or dehydration, but this does not reflect their fluid volume or distribution. The nurse should monitor the client's rectal temperature, but also assess other parameters of fluid status.

Choice C reason: This is the best answer. Blood pressure lying, sitting and standing can indicate the client's fluid status and vascular tone. The client may have low blood pressure due to fluid loss, hypovolemia, or vasodilation, and this can cause orthostatic hypotension, which is a drop in blood pressure when changing positions. The nurse should measure the client's blood pressure in different positions and observe for signs of orthostatic hypotension, such as dizziness, fainting, or blurred vision.

Choice D reason: This is not the best answer. Pulse oximetry reading at rest can indicate the client's oxygen saturation, but not necessarily their fluid status. The client may have normal or decreased pulse oximetry reading due to hypoxia, anemia, or poor peripheral perfusion, but this does not reflect their fluid volume or distribution. The nurse should monitor the client's pulse oximetry reading, but also assess other parameters of fluid status.

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The nurse is conducting dietary teaching for a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of fat sources and the need to limit saturated fats?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Explanation

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