A nurse is educating a group of travelers who are going to a region where malaria is endemic.
Which of the following antimalarial drugs should the nurse recommend for prophylaxis? (Select all that apply.).
Quinine
Primaquine
Mefloquine
Pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine
Atovaquone-proguanil.
Correct Answer : C,D,E
These are the antimalarial drugs that are recommended for prophylaxis by the CDC and other sources.
They are effective against the malaria parasites that are resistant to chloroquine and primaquine, which are the other two options.
Choice A is wrong because chloroquine is not effective in areas where chloroquine resistance is present, which is most of the malaria-endemic regions.
Choice B is wrong because primaquine is not used for prophylaxis, but for radical cure of vivax and ovale malaria. It also requires a test for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency before use, as it can cause hemolysis in people with this condition.
Choice C is correct because mefloquine is a suppressive prophylactic that can be used in areas with chloroquine resistance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Ceftriaxone belongs to the third-generation of cephalosporins.Third-generation cephalosporins have greater activity than the second-generation cephalosporins against certain gram-negative bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae.They are also more resistant to beta-lactamases, enzymes that can inactivate some cephalosporins.
Choice A is wrong because first-generation cephalosporins have less activity against gram-negative bacteria and are more susceptible to beta-lactamases.
Choice B is wrong because second-generation cephalosporins have less activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae than third-generation cephalosporins, and are also less resistant to beta-lactamases.
Choice D is wrong because fourth-generation cephalosporins have a broader spectrum of activity against gram-negative bacteria, including some that are resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, but they are not more effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that can cause nephrotoxicity, which is damage to the kidneys.Serum creatinine is a measure of kidney function and should be monitored closely during gentamicin therapy. The normal range for serum creatinine is 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL for men and 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL for women.
Choice B is wrong because serum potassium is not affected by gentamicin.
The normal range for serum potassium is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.
Choice C is wrong because serum calcium is not affected by gentamicin.
The normal range for serum calcium is 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL.
Choice D is wrong because serum glucose is not affected by gentamicin.
The normal range for serum glucose is 70 to 110 mg/dL.
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