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The esophagus is a muscular tube that:

A.

Stores undigested pieces of food

B.

Transports food from the pharynx to the stomach

C.

Absorbs nutrients

D.

Breaks down proteins

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Stores undigested pieces of food: The stomach, not the esophagus, is responsible for storing food temporarily.

B. Transports food from the pharynx to the stomach: The esophagus is a muscular tube that uses peristalsis to move food from the pharynx to the stomach.

C. Absorbs nutrients: Nutrient absorption occurs mainly in the small intestine, not the esophagus.

D. Breaks down proteins: Protein digestion begins in the stomach via pepsin, not in the esophagus.

 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Causes a deficiency of intrinsic factor and pernicious anemia: Intrinsic factor is produced in the stomach, not the liver. Its deficiency leads to pernicious anemia.

B. Causes lactose intolerance: Lactose intolerance is due to lactase deficiency in the small intestine.

C. Causes gastric reflux: Gastroesophageal reflux is typically due to lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction.

D. Causes blood drug levels to reach toxic levels: The liver metabolizes drugs. Impaired hepatic function reduces drug clearance, leading to accumulation and potential toxicity.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Aldosterone: Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal glands, and it regulates sodium and water balance, not in response to low oxygen.

B. Erythropoietin: The kidneys secrete erythropoietin in response to hypoxia to stimulate the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

C. Converting enzyme: Refers to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is found in the lungs and converts angiotensin I to II—not secreted by kidneys in response to hypoxia.

D. Renin: Renin is secreted by the kidneys in response to low blood pressure or sodium, not oxygen deficiency.

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