What is the function(s) of the kidney? (Select all that apply.)
Regulate blood volume
Excrete solid waste
Role in regulation of blood pressure
Regulate body temperature
Regulate electrolyte content of blood
Role in RBC production
Correct Answer : A,C,E,F
A. Regulate blood volume: Kidneys regulate fluid balance by adjusting urine output, influencing blood volume.
B. Excrete solid waste: Kidneys excrete liquid waste (urea, creatinine), not solid waste; the GI tract handles solids.
C. Role in regulation of blood pressure: Via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), kidneys influence vascular resistance and fluid volume.
D. Regulate body temperature: Thermoregulation is managed by the hypothalamus and skin, not the kidneys.
E. Regulate electrolyte content of blood: Kidneys regulate levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate in the blood.
F. Role in RBC production: By releasing erythropoietin, kidneys stimulate RBC production in the bone marrow.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Colon: The sigmoid colon is the S-shaped terminal portion of the large intestine, connecting to the rectum.
B. Esophagus: The esophagus is part of the upper digestive tract, not the colon.
C. Small intestine: The sigmoid colon is not a part of the small intestine.
D. Stomach: The stomach is part of the upper GI tract and does not include the sigmoid colon.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The stomach wall is thrown into folds called villi and microvilli: Villi and microvilli are found in the small intestine, not the stomach. The stomach has rugae.
B. The esophagus connects the pharynx with the trachea: The esophagus connects the pharynx to the stomach; the trachea connects to the lungs.
C. The pyloric sphincter and ileocecal valve are located at the entrance and exit of the small intestine: The pyloric sphincter regulates entry from the stomach to duodenum, and the ileocecal valve controls flow from the ileum to cecum.
D. The cecum and colon are parts of the small intestine: They are parts of the large intestine, not the small intestine.
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