What is the function(s) of the kidney? (Select all that apply.)
Regulate blood volume
Excrete solid waste
Role in regulation of blood pressure
Regulate body temperature
Regulate electrolyte content of blood
Role in RBC production
Correct Answer : A,C,E,F
A. Regulate blood volume: Kidneys regulate fluid balance by adjusting urine output, influencing blood volume.
B. Excrete solid waste: Kidneys excrete liquid waste (urea, creatinine), not solid waste; the GI tract handles solids.
C. Role in regulation of blood pressure: Via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), kidneys influence vascular resistance and fluid volume.
D. Regulate body temperature: Thermoregulation is managed by the hypothalamus and skin, not the kidneys.
E. Regulate electrolyte content of blood: Kidneys regulate levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate in the blood.
F. Role in RBC production: By releasing erythropoietin, kidneys stimulate RBC production in the bone marrow.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Stores undigested pieces of food: The stomach, not the esophagus, is responsible for storing food temporarily.
B. Transports food from the pharynx to the stomach: The esophagus is a muscular tube that uses peristalsis to move food from the pharynx to the stomach.
C. Absorbs nutrients: Nutrient absorption occurs mainly in the small intestine, not the esophagus.
D. Breaks down proteins: Protein digestion begins in the stomach via pepsin, not in the esophagus.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Absorption: Absorption refers to nutrients being taken into the bloodstream, mainly in the intestines.
B. Peristalsis: Peristalsis is the muscular movement of food through the digestive tract, not chewing.
C. Regulation: Regulation refers to control mechanisms in digestion but not to the act of chewing.
D. Mechanical digestion: Chewing breaks food into smaller pieces, which is mechanical digestion and prepares food for chemical digestion.
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