The family of an older adult client brings him to the emergency department after finding him wandering outside. During the initial assessment, the nurse notes that the client flinches when she palpates his abdomen yet responds to questions only by nodding and smiling.

Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as a likely explanation for the client's behavior?

He is hard of hearing.

Confusion

Pain

Language barrier

None

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. He is hard of hearing:
This is unlikely. While hearing impairment could explain some difficulty in communication, it would not explain the flinching upon abdominal palpation or the wandering behavior. Hearing-impaired clients typically respond to nonverbal cues or attempt to communicate their understanding in other ways.

B. Confusion:
This is correct. The client's wandering behavior, lack of verbal response, and smiling/nodding without clear understanding are indicative of confusion, which is common in older adults experiencing delirium, dementia, or other cognitive impairments. The flinching during abdominal palpation suggests a physical issue, but the client's inability to articulate his discomfort further supports confusion as a contributing factor.

C. Pain:
While pain could explain the flinching during palpation, it does not account for the wandering behavior or the lack of meaningful verbal communication. Pain may coexist with confusion but is not the primary explanation for his overall behavior.

D. Language barrier:
A language barrier could explain difficulty in verbal communication, but it does not account for the wandering behavior or the flinching upon palpation. Additionally, the family’s ability to communicate with the healthcare team suggests this is not the most likely factor

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This statement is incorrect. While HIPAA allows for certain disclosures to family members, it is important to follow specific guidelines and obtain appropriate consent or authorization from the client when sharing their health information. There are also circumstances where a client may request that information be withheld from certain family members.
B. This statement is correct. HIPAA is a federal law that establishes privacy standards for protected health information.
C. This statement is correct. A client's address is considered personally identifiable information under HIPAA.
D. The statement appears to be cut off. However, it is important to note that HIPAA does indeed establish regulations for protecting individually identifiable health information in various forms, including verbal, electronic, and written.

A. Obtain the client's consent. B. Explain the risks and benefits of the procedure. C. Witness the client's signature. D. Explain the procedure to the client if they do not understand.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The nurse is not responsible for obtaining informed consent. This is the responsibility of the healthcare provider performing the procedure, who must explain the risks, benefits, and alternatives to the client. The nurse may assist in ensuring the client has the necessary information, but the final responsibility for obtaining consent lies with the provider.

B. Explaining the risks and benefits of the procedure is part of the informed consent process.
The client needs to be informed about potential risks, benefits, and alternatives before giving consent.

C. This is correct. The nurse's role in the informed consent process is to witness the client's signature after the healthcare provider has explained the procedure, risks, and benefits. The nurse verifies that the client is signing voluntarily and understands the consent form, but the nurse does not provide the explanation.

D. Explaining the procedure to the client if they do not understand is essential for ensuring that the client has sufficient information to make an informed decision. This should be done in a clear and understandable manner.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing information about the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for an elective surgical procedure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take regarding informed consent?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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