The following procedures have been ordered and implemented for a hospitalized patient. Which procedure carries the greatest risk for a healthcare-associated infection?

Placing an indwelling urinary catheter

Administering medications through an NG tube

Changing a sacral wound dressing

Replacing an ostomy appliance

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Placing an indwelling urinary catheter: Indwelling urinary catheters are a leading cause of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), which are common healthcare-associated infections.

B. Administering medications through an NG tube: While NG tubes can introduce bacteria, they are not as high-risk as urinary catheters, which provide a direct route for infection.

C. Changing a sacral wound dressing: While wounds can become infected, proper wound care techniques minimize risk. Urinary catheters pose a greater risk due to prolonged exposure to bacteria.

D. Replacing an ostomy appliance: While maintaining hygiene is important, ostomy appliances are not a major source of healthcare-associated infections compared to urinary catheters.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "Patient with complaints of urinary incontinence." The patient did not report involuntary leakage of urine, which defines incontinence.
B. "Patient reports urinary retention." Urinary retention refers to the inability to completely empty the bladder, which matches the patient's description.
C. "Patient reports urinary frequency." Urinary frequency means voiding frequently (e.g., every 1-2 hours), but the patient described difficulty emptying.
D. "Patient has an enlarged prostate." While an enlarged prostate (BPH) could cause retention, the nurse should not diagnose—only report symptoms.

A. Transient incontinence and increased urine production B. Increased urine concentration C. Increased output of dilute urine D. A risk of urinary tract infections

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Transient incontinence and increased urine production: While increased urine production is expected, transient incontinence is not a typical finding with furosemide unless the client has preexisting bladder control issues.

B. Increased urine concentration: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes the excretion of sodium and water, leading to dilute urine rather than concentrated urine.

C. Increased output of dilute urine: Furosemide blocks sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle, resulting in increased urine production that is dilute due to excessive water excretion.

D. A risk of urinary tract infections: Furosemide does not directly increase the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). UTIs are more common with urinary retention rather than increased urine flow.

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Stoma Assessment	Stoma is protruding 2cm, is red and moist. Peristomal area is clean and intact.
Output	Liquid stool that is malodorous. Gas present in the appliance.
General Status	Patient is avoiding looking at the ileostomy during care.
Laboratory Data	Potassium 3.6 mEq/L (normal 3.5 to 5 mEq/L) Sodium 137 mEq/L (normal 135 to 145 mEq/L) Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL (normal 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL)

The following procedures have been ordered and implemented for a hospitalized patient. Which procedure carries the greatest risk for a healthcare-associated infection?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During a health history interview, a client tells the nurse that they do not feel that they completely empty the bladder when they void. How would the nurse report this findings to the provider?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client has developed edema in her lower legs and feet prompting her physician to prescribe furosemide, a diuretic medication. After the client has begun this new medication, what should the nurse anticipate as a normal finding?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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