The gliding motion of the carpal bones uses _____ joints.
Hinge
Plane
Ball-and-socket
Condyloid
Pivot
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Hinge joints allow movement in one plane, such as flexion and extension, seen in the elbow and knee. They do not permit gliding motions.
Choice B reason: Plane joints are the correct answer. They allow bones to slide past each other in any direction along the plane of the joint. The carpal bones in the wrist articulate via plane joints, enabling gliding movements.
Choice C reason: Ball-and-socket joints allow multi-directional movement and rotation, such as in the shoulder and hip. They are not involved in the gliding motion of carpal bones.
Choice D reason: Condyloid joints permit movement in two planes, such as flexion/extension and abduction/adduction. They are found in the wrist but not between carpal bones.
Choice E reason: Pivot joints allow rotational movement around a single axis, such as the joint between the atlas and axis vertebrae. They do not facilitate gliding.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Epiphysis and diaphysis refer to regions of a long bone—the ends and shaft respectively—not to the coverings of bone surfaces.
Choice B reason: This reverses the anatomical regions but still does not address the coverings of bone surfaces.
Choice C reason: Compact bone and spongy bone are types of bone tissue, not the membranes that line or cover bone surfaces.
Choice D reason: The periosteum is a dense fibrous membrane that covers the external surface of bones, providing attachment points for tendons and ligaments and housing blood vessels and nerves. The endosteum lines the internal surfaces, including the medullary cavity, and plays a role in bone growth and remodeling.
Choice E reason: This reverses the correct anatomical relationship. The endosteum lines the internal surface, not the external.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hinge joints allow movement in one plane, such as flexion and extension. Examples include the elbow and knee, but the joint between the radius and ulna does not function this way.
Choice B reason: This is correct. The proximal radioulnar joint is a pivot joint, allowing rotational movement such as pronation and supination of the forearm. The radius rotates around the ulna, enabling the palm to turn up or down.
Choice C reason: Plane or gliding joints allow sliding movements between flat surfaces, such as those between carpal bones. This does not apply to the radius and ulna.
Choice D reason: Saddle joints allow movement in two planes and are found in the thumb (carpometacarpal joint). The radius and ulna do not form a saddle joint.
Choice E reason: Ball-and-socket joints allow movement in multiple directions and are found in the shoulder and hip. The radius and ulna do not form this type of joint.
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