The home health nurse discovers a family infected with pediculosis.
What information can the nurse provide to the mother to start eradication of the lice?

Choice A rationale

Bathing a child with infantile eczema using products containing fragrance can be irritating to the already compromised skin barrier. Fragrances are common allergens and can trigger or worsen the inflammatory response in atopic dermatitis. It is essential to use fragrance-free, hypoallergenic products to minimize irritation and prevent exacerbations.

Choice B rationale

Using oatmeal and baking soda as bath additives can be soothing for the irritated skin of a child with infantile eczema. Colloidal oatmeal contains avenanthramides which have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, while baking soda can help to relieve itching. These additives can help to calm the skin and reduce the urge to scratch.

Choice C rationale

Adding bath oil to bath water after the child has soaked for a period of time is a beneficial practice. Soaking in water allows the skin to rehydrate. Adding the oil at the end of the bath helps to seal in the moisture, forming a protective barrier and preventing transepidermal water loss, which is a key issue in eczema.

Choice D rationale

Lanolin is a fatty substance derived from sheep wool. While it can be a good moisturizer, it is also a common allergen. Applying lanolin-based lotions to a child with eczema can potentially trigger an allergic reaction or worsen the skin condition. It is safer to use hypoallergenic, non-irritating moisturizers.

Choice E rationale

Bathing a child several times a day can strip the skin of its natural oils, which can worsen the dryness and irritation associated with infantile eczema. The skin barrier is already compromised, and frequent bathing can exacerbate this problem. It is generally recommended to limit bathing to once a day or less to maintain skin integrity. .

Choice A rationale

Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist that inhibits the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X. Clients must be instructed to maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods, such as leafy green vegetables, to avoid fluctuations in warfarin's anticoagulant effect and to maintain a stable INR.

Choice B rationale

Warfarin therapy itself does not impose driving restrictions. The primary concern is the bleeding risk associated with the medication, which would not typically affect a person's ability to drive. Driving is not a discharge instruction required specifically because of the medication itself.

Choice C rationale

Regular laboratory monitoring of the International Normalized Ratio (INR) is essential to ensure the warfarin dosage is therapeutic and safe. The INR normal range is 0.8-1.2. The therapeutic range for warfarin is typically 2.0-3.0 for most indications. Clients need to understand the importance of these appointments.

Choice D rationale

Warfarin is highly protein-bound and metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, making it susceptible to numerous drug-drug interactions. Educating the client about potential interactions with other medications, including over-the-counter drugs, is crucial to prevent either bleeding or clotting episodes.

Choice E rationale

A client's adherence to a medication regimen is significantly enhanced when they understand the purpose of the treatment. Explaining that warfarin prevents dangerous blood clots in conditions like atrial fibrillation or deep vein thrombosis helps the client appreciate the importance of consistent daily dosing.

Choice F rationale

Wearing a Medic Alert bracelet is a critical safety measure for clients on warfarin. In an emergency, this bracelet immediately informs healthcare providers that the person is on an anticoagulant, allowing them to make informed decisions about care and to recognize signs of potential bleeding complications.