The nurse adds a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Breathing Pattern to a patient’s care plan. Which sleep condition likely caused the nurse to assign this nursing diagnosis?

Narcolepsy

Sleep deprivation

Insomnia

Obstructive sleep apnea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Narcolepsy causes sudden sleep attacks and cataplexy but does not typically disrupt breathing patterns during sleep. It affects sleep-wake regulation, not airway mechanics. This condition is unlikely to cause ineffective breathing, as it lacks the respiratory obstruction linked to the nursing diagnosis.

Choice B reason: Sleep deprivation results from insufficient sleep, leading to fatigue and cognitive issues, but it does not directly cause ineffective breathing patterns. It may exacerbate other conditions, but without airway obstruction, it is not the primary cause of the respiratory diagnosis, making this choice incorrect.

Choice C reason: Insomnia involves difficulty falling or staying asleep, causing fatigue and irritability, but it does not typically affect breathing mechanics. It lacks the airway obstruction or hypoventilation associated with ineffective breathing patterns, making it an unlikely cause for the nursing diagnosis.

Choice D reason: Obstructive sleep apnea causes repeated airway collapse during sleep, leading to hypopnea, apnea, and ineffective breathing patterns. This disrupts oxygenation and ventilation, aligning with the nursing diagnosis. The nurse likely identified symptoms like snoring or pauses in breathing, making this the correct condition to monitor.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Low blood pressure is not typically associated with prolonged stress. Chronic stress elevates cortisol, which can increase blood pressure via sympathetic activation. Hypotension may occur in acute stress response (e.g., shock), but prolonged stress more commonly causes hypertension, making this an incorrect condition to monitor.

Choice B reason: Prolonged stress suppresses immune function by elevating cortisol, reducing lymphocyte activity and increasing infection risk. Conditions like respiratory or urinary tract infections become more likely. Monitoring for infections is essential, as stress weakens the body’s ability to fight pathogens, making this a correct condition to assess.

Choice C reason: Alopecia, or hair loss, can result from prolonged stress due to elevated cortisol disrupting hair follicle cycles, leading to telogen effluvium. Stress-induced autoimmune conditions like alopecia areata may also occur. Monitoring for hair loss is appropriate, as it reflects stress’s physiological impact, making this a correct choice.

Choice D reason: Prolonged stress increases diabetes risk by raising cortisol and catecholamines, which elevate blood glucose and impair insulin sensitivity. This can exacerbate or precipitate type 2 diabetes. Monitoring glucose levels is critical, as stress contributes to metabolic dysregulation, making this a correct condition to assess.

Choice E reason: Chronic stress is linked to cancer through immune suppression and inflammation, which may promote tumor growth. Elevated cortisol and stress hormones can impair DNA repair mechanisms. Monitoring for cancer risk, especially in high-stress patients, is warranted, as stress is a known risk factor, making this a correct choice.

A. Most preschoolers sleep soundly all night long. B. Preschoolers may have trouble settling down after a busy day. C. On average, the preschooler needs to sleep 10 hours a night. D. It is important that the 5-year-old get a nap every day.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Stating most preschoolers sleep soundly all night is inaccurate, as many experience disruptions like nightmares or bedtime resistance due to developmental stages. This oversimplification risks misleading parents, potentially causing frustration when addressing common sleep challenges, and may delay establishing effective bedtime routines critical for healthy sleep patterns.

Choice B reason: Preschoolers often struggle to settle down after busy days due to overstimulation or developmental changes affecting self-regulation. This accurate information helps parents anticipate challenges, encouraging consistent bedtime routines to promote restful sleep. Addressing this supports healthy sleep hygiene, critical for cognitive and emotional development in preschool-aged children.

Choice C reason: Preschoolers typically need 10-11 hours of sleep nightly, but stating exactly 10 hours is imprecise and overlooks individual variation. This risks setting rigid expectations, potentially causing parental concern if sleep needs differ. Accurate guidance focuses on flexible ranges and behavioral factors like settling difficulties for optimal sleep.

Choice D reason: Daily naps are not essential for all 5-year-olds, as many transition out of napping by this age, relying on nighttime sleep. Mandating naps risks disrupting nighttime rest or causing unnecessary parental pressure. Flexible guidance on sleep needs better supports preschoolers’ developmental changes and individual sleep patterns.

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The nurse adds a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Breathing Pattern to a patient’s care plan. Which sleep condition likely caused the nurse to assign this nursing diagnosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a patient with prolonged stress. Which conditions will the nurse monitor for in this patient? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A parent is discussing the sleep needs of a preschooler with the nurse. Which information will the nurse share with the parent?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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The patient has just been diagnosed with narcolepsy. The nurse teaches the patient about management of the condition. Which information from the patient will cause the nurse to intervene?

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