The nurse assesses a client admitted with a history of vomiting and diarrhea for 5 days. Which laboratory value validates the symptoms of the client?

Na+ 150 mEq/L

Cl-95 mEq/L

K+3.7 mEq/L

HCO3-26 mEq/L

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The elevated serum sodium (Na+) level of 150 mEq/L validates the symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea in the client. Vomiting and diarrhea lead to fluid loss and dehydration, resulting in an increased serum sodium concentration due to the loss of water from the body. Hypernatremia (elevated serum sodium) is consistent with dehydration resulting from prolonged vomiting and diarrhea. An elevated sodium level is indicative of hypertonic dehydration, where water loss exceeds electrolyte loss, leading to increased serum sodium concentration

B. Cl-95 mEq/L: Chloride (Cl-) is an electrolyte often lost in cases of vomiting and diarrhea due to the loss of gastric secretions and chloride-rich fluids. A chloride level of 95 mEq/L is slightly lower than normal (normal range: 96-106 mEq/L), which suggests mild chloride depletion.

C. K+3.7 mEq/L: Potassium (K+) levels within the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L) do not necessarily validate symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea. While potassium loss can occur in cases of prolonged vomiting and diarrhea, the potassium level provided falls within the normal range.

D. HCO3-26 mEq/L: Bicarbonate (HCO3-) levels within the normal range (22-29 mEq/L) do not necessarily validate symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea. Elevated bicarbonate levels may indicate metabolic alkalosis, which can occur as a compensatory mechanism in response to acid loss through vomiting or diarrhea, but this value alone does not confirm the symptoms.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Spinach: Spinach is an excellent source of potassium. It is a leafy green vegetable that provides a significant amount of potassium, making it a suitable choice for clients who are at risk of potassium loss due to diuretic therapy.

B. Potatoes: Potatoes, particularly when eaten with the skin, are rich in potassium. They are a starchy vegetable that can help replenish potassium levels in individuals experiencing potassium loss from diuretic use.

C. Tomatoes: Tomatoes are another good source of potassium. They are versatile and can be incorporated into various dishes, providing both flavor and nutrients, including potassium, which can help offset potassium depletion caused by diuretics.

D. White rice: White rice is not a significant source of potassium compared to other options listed. While it is a carbohydrate-rich food, it does not contain as much potassium as foods like spinach, potatoes, tomatoes, or avocados.

E. Avocados: Avocados are rich in potassium and are considered a nutrient-dense food. They provide healthy fats along with potassium, making them a beneficial choice for individuals who need to replenish potassium levels depleted by diuretics.

A. white meats and breads. B. red meats and milk. C. fats and bran. D. fruits and vegetables.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. White meats and breads: While white meats and breads may be part of a balanced diet, they do not contribute significant amounts of dietary fiber. White bread, in particular, is often lower in fiber compared to whole grain varieties.

B. Red meats and milk: Red meats and milk are good sources of protein and calcium but do not provide significant amounts of dietary fiber. While milk products contain some lactose, a type of sugar that may have a mild laxative effect in some individuals, they are not considered primary sources of fiber.

C. Fats and bran: While bran is a good source of dietary fiber, consuming excessive amounts of fats is not recommended for promoting regular bowel movements. While some fats may be necessary in the diet, they should be consumed in moderation.

D. Fruits and vegetables: This is the correct answer. Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of dietary fiber, including both soluble and insoluble fiber. Soluble fiber helps soften stools, while insoluble fiber adds bulk to the stool, facilitating easier defecation. Including a variety of fruits and vegetables in the diet can significantly increase fiber intake and promote regular bowel movements.

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The nurse assesses a client admitted with a history of vomiting and diarrhea for 5 days. Which laboratory value validates the symptoms of the client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

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