The nurse assessing a client hospitalized with a diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism notes positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs. The nurse determines that these findings most indicate which electrolyte imbalance?

Hypernatremia

Hypermagnesemia

Hypocalcemia

Hypokalemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hypernatremia, an elevated sodium level, does not cause Trousseau's or Chvostek's signs.

B. Hypermagnesemia, an elevated magnesium level, is not associated with positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs.

C. Hypocalcemia, a low calcium level, is commonly associated with positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs. Trousseau's sign is a carpopedal spasm induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff, while Chvostek's sign is facial twitching in response to tapping over the facial nerve. Both are indicative of neuromuscular irritability due to low calcium levels.

D. Hypokalemia, a low potassium level, does not cause these specific signs and is associated with different clinical manifestations.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

. Children with Addison’s disease often require increased sodium intake, especially during periods of stress or illness, due to the lack of aldosterone.

B. Addison's disease typically causes fluid volume deficit rather than excess.

C. Addison's disease is more commonly associated with hypoglycemia rather than hyperglycemia.

D. Teaching the parents about cortisol replacement therapy is crucial, as this is the primary treatment for managing Addison’s disease. The child will need lifelong hormone replacement to compensate for the lack of cortisol.

A. Ondansetron B. Diphenhydramine C. Gentamicin D. Omeprazole

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Ondansetron is an antiemetic that does not typically cause nephrotoxicity and is generally safe for use in clients with chronic kidney disease.

B. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that does not have nephrotoxic effects and is commonly used for allergy symptoms or as a sleep aid.

C. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is known to be nephrotoxic, especially in clients with pre-existing kidney disease. It requires careful monitoring of kidney function and dosing adjustments to prevent kidney damage.

D. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and does not typically cause nephrotoxicity, although long-term use has been associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease.

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The nurse assessing a client hospitalized with a diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism notes positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs. The nurse determines that these findings most indicate which electrolyte imbalance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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