The nurse caring for the pregnant patient understands that the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy is:
Estrogen
Oxytocin
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Progesterone
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Estrogen is not the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy. Estrogen is a hormone that stimulates the growth and development of the female reproductive organs, the breasts, and the placenta. Estrogen also increases the blood flow and the uterine contractility during pregnancy. However, estrogen alone is not sufficient to sustain the pregnancy, as it needs to be balanced by progesterone.
Choice B rationale
Oxytocin is not the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy. Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates the contraction of the uterine and the mammary glands. Oxytocin plays a role in the initiation and the progression of labor, as well as in the milk ejection during breastfeeding. However, oxytocin is not involved in the maintenance of the pregnancy, as it can cause premature labor if released too early.
Choice C rationale
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is not the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy. hCG is a hormone that is produced by the placenta and the embryo. hCG supports the corpus luteum, which is the structure that produces progesterone in the early pregnancy. hCG also prevents the immune system from rejecting the fetus, and stimulates the production of other hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone. However, hCG is not the main hormone that maintains the pregnancy, as its levels decline after the first trimester, when the placenta takes over the production of progesterone.
Choice D rationale
Progesterone is the hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy. Progesterone is a hormone that prepares the endometrium, which is the lining of the uterus, for the implantation of the fertilized egg. Progesterone also maintains the pregnancy by preventing the uterine contractions and the immune response against the fetus. Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum in the early pregnancy, and by the placenta in the later pregnancy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Postpartum hemorrhage is a serious complication that can occur after a vaginal delivery. Methylergonovine is a medication that stimulates the uterine contractions and reduces the bleeding from the placental site.
Choice B rationale
Postpartum infection is another possible complication after a vaginal delivery, but methylergonovine is not used to prevent it. Antibiotics are the main treatment for postpartum infections.
Choice C rationale
Thromboembolic events are blood clots that can form in the veins or arteries and cause life-threatening conditions such as pulmonary embolism or stroke. Methylergonovine is not used to prevent thromboembolic events. Anticoagulants are the main prevention for thromboembolic events.
Choice D rationale
Hypertension is high blood pressure that can cause damage to the organs and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Methylergonovine is not used to prevent hypertension. In fact, methylergonovine can cause hypertension as a side effect and should be used with caution in clients with high blood pressure. Antihypertensives are the main treatment for hypertension.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This is incorrect because 3 cm above the umbilicus is not the expected location for the fundus at 22 weeks of gestation. The fundus is the upper part of the uterus that can be felt by abdominal palpation. The fundal height is measured from the symphysis pubis to the top of the fundus. The fundal height usually corresponds to the gestational age in weeks, plus or minus 2 cm. Therefore, at 22 weeks of gestation, the fundal height should be around 22 cm, which is slightly above the umbilicus.
Choice B rationale
This is incorrect because 3 cm below the umbilicus is not the expected location for the fundus at 22 weeks of gestation. The fundus is the upper part of the uterus that can be felt by abdominal palpation. The fundal height is measured from the symphysis pubis to the top of the fundus. The fundal height usually corresponds to the gestational age in weeks, plus or minus 2 cm. Therefore, at 22 weeks of gestation, the fundal height should be around 22 cm, which is slightly above the umbilicus.
Choice C rationale
This is incorrect because slightly below the umbilicus is not the expected location for the fundus at 22 weeks of gestation. The fundus is the upper part of the uterus that can be felt by abdominal palpation. The fundal height is measured from the symphysis pubis to the top of the fundus. The fundal height usually corresponds to the gestational age in weeks, plus or minus 2 cm. Therefore, at 22 weeks of gestation, the fundal height should be around 22 cm, which is slightly above the umbilicus.
Choice D rationale
This is correct because slightly above the umbilicus is the expected location for the fundus at 22 weeks of gestation. The fundus is the upper part of the uterus that can be felt by abdominal palpation. The fundal height is measured from the symphysis pubis to the top of the fundus. The fundal height usually corresponds to the gestational age in weeks, plus or minus 2 cm. Therefore, at 22 weeks of gestation, the fundal height should be around 22 cm, which is slightly above the umbilicus.
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