The nurse discussing potential risk factors of infective endocarditis with a hospitalized client would include which of the following as a potential risk factor of this disease process?

Prosthetic cardiac valves

Sedentary lifestyle

Radiation exposure

Cardiac catheterization

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The presence of prosthetic heart valves is a significant risk factor for infective endocarditis due to the increased likelihood of bacterial colonization.
B. Sedentary lifestyle is not a direct risk factor for infective endocarditis, though it may contribute to other cardiovascular issues.
C. Radiation exposure – While it may affect cardiac tissue, it is not considered a risk factor for infective endocarditis.
D. Cardiac catheterization – While it is an invasive procedure, it is not a major or common risk factor for infective endocarditis compared to prosthetic valves or structural heart defects.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Blood flowing back from the left atrium to the left ventricle describes mitral regurgitation, not aortic regurgitation.
B. Aortic regurgitation involves the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole due to an incompetent aortic valve. This leads to volume overload in the left ventricle.
C. Obstruction of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle occurs in mitral stenosis, not aortic regurgitation.
D. Obstruction of blood flow from the left ventricle is characteristic of aortic stenosis, not aortic regurgitation.

A. SA node, AV node, bundle of His, right and left bundle branches, and the Purkinje fibers B. SA node, AV node, bundle of His, the Purkinje fibers, and the right and left bundle branches C. AV node, SA node, bundle of His, right and left bundle branches, and the Purkinje fibers D. SA node, AV node, right and left bundle branches, bundle of His, and the Purkinje fibers

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is the correct sequence of normal electrical conduction through the heart: the impulse originates in the sinoatrial (SA) node, travels to the atrioventricular (AV) node, then to the bundle of His, down the right and left bundle branches, and finally through the Purkinje fibers.
B. This choice places the Purkinje fibers before the bundle branches, which is incorrect.
C. The AV node does not initiate conduction; the SA node is the natural pacemaker of the heart.
D. This sequence incorrectly places the bundle branches before the bundle of His.

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The nurse discussing potential risk factors of infective endocarditis with a hospitalized client would include which of the following as a potential risk factor of this disease process?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with aortic regurgitation is being transferred from the critical care unit to the step-down unit. The nurse receiving the patient in the step-down unit is aware that aortic regurgitation causes:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a beginning ECG class to staff nurses. As the nurse begins to discuss the parts of the ECG complex, one of the students asks what the normal order of conduction through the heart is. The correct response would be which of the following?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse discussing potential risk factors of infective endocarditis with a hospitalized client would include which of the following as a potential risk factor of this disease process?

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