The nurse has taught a client with urinary incontinence about managing the problem.
Which of the following statements by the client would indicate the need for more teaching?

I will decrease my caffeine intake down to one cup per day.

I should drink grapefruit juice instead of orange juice in the morning.

I will practice Kegel exercises regularly.

I should have a fixed time schedule for going to the bathroom.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Decreasing caffeine intake is a proven method for managing urinary incontinence. Caffeine stimulates bladder activity, potentially worsening symptoms. Reducing caffeine to one cup per day can decrease urgency and frequency. This recommendation aligns with the scientific understanding that caffeine is a bladder irritant and is supported by clinical guidelines on managing urinary incontinence.

Choice B rationale

Grapefruit juice is acidic and can irritate the bladder lining, worsening urinary incontinence symptoms. Substituting orange juice with grapefruit juice does not address the problem, as both are acidic and contain bladder irritants. Citrus juices, including grapefruit and orange, are often advised against for patients managing urinary incontinence due to their potential to exacerbate symptoms.

Choice C rationale

Kegel exercises strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, enhancing bladder control and reducing incontinence episodes. This evidence-based practice is recommended for individuals with urinary incontinence. Regular Kegel exercise improves urinary sphincter function and supports the overall health of pelvic muscles, which is key for managing incontinence.

Choice D rationale

Establishing a fixed schedule for bathroom visits can prevent overdistension of the bladder and manage symptoms of urinary incontinence effectively. Timed voiding helps train the bladder and reduce episodes of urgency or leakage. It is widely supported as part of behavioral therapy for urinary incontinence management.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Exposure to cold climates does not directly prevent or mitigate symptoms of thalassemia. Thalassemia involves abnormalities in hemoglobin production, leading to anemia. Climate factors do not influence this pathophysiology. The emphasis for management lies in optimizing red blood cell health and addressing anemia-related complications.

Choice B rationale

Increasing oral fluid intake does not have a specific effect on the prevention of thalassemia symptoms. While adequate hydration is essential for overall health, it does not target the underlying genetic causes of hemoglobinopathies, such as mutations in alpha or beta-globin chains.

Choice C rationale

Iron and vitamin B12-rich diets may worsen complications in thalassemia. Individuals with thalassemia, especially those receiving frequent blood transfusions, are at risk of iron overload. B12 supplementation is beneficial only when deficiency exists, but routine intake does not manage thalassemia symptoms.

Choice D rationale

Many medications and substances, such as oxidative drugs, can exacerbate hemolysis or interact with blood transfusion protocols in thalassemia patients. Reviewing these lists helps prevent complications, thereby reducing symptom severity and improving management outcomes.

A. Magnesium and bilateral lower extremity ultrasounds. B. Urinalysis, blood chemistry, and 12-lead electrocardiogram. C. Complete blood count and electroencephalogram. D. Troponin, calcium, and partial thromboplastin time.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Magnesium and bilateral lower extremity ultrasounds are not primary diagnostic tests for hypertension-related target organ damage. Magnesium levels do not directly correlate with hypertension complications, and lower extremity ultrasounds mainly evaluate vascular issues, such as deep vein thrombosis, rather than organs affected by chronic hypertension.

Choice B rationale

Urinalysis assesses kidney function by detecting proteinuria, an indicator of renal damage due to hypertension. Blood chemistry provides electrolytes and renal function metrics, like creatinine (normal range: 0.6–1.2 mg/dL). A 12-lead ECG identifies left ventricular hypertrophy or arrhythmias linked to cardiac strain from persistent high blood pressure, a common sign of target organ damage.

Choice C rationale

Complete blood count evaluates overall health but does not specifically target organ damage related to hypertension. Electroencephalogram measures brain activity and is more relevant for neurological conditions, such as seizures, not complications from high blood pressure.

Choice D rationale

Troponin evaluates myocardial injury in acute settings like myocardial infarction, unrelated to chronic hypertension-induced organ damage. Calcium levels and partial thromboplastin time assess coagulation and bone health but do not directly indicate target organ involvement in hypertension.

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The nurse has taught a client with urinary incontinence about managing the problem.Which of the following statements by the client would indicate the need for more teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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The nurse is teaching a client about preventing symptoms of thalassemia.Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension who is being assessed for possible target organ damage.The nurse should monitor the results of which of the following diagnostic tests?

The nurse has taught a client with urinary incontinence about managing the problem.
Which of the following statements by the client would indicate the need for more teaching?