The nurse is assessing a newly admitted client diagnosed with left ventricular failure.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect during the assessment?

Choice A rationale

Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, primarily acts on vascular smooth muscles to reduce blood pressure. It does not directly affect renal function or significantly increase urine output. This statement reflects a misunderstanding of the drug's mechanism of action.

Choice B rationale

Edema, a common side effect of amlodipine, is due to vasodilation and capillary leakage, particularly in lower extremities. However, sudden discontinuation of the medication may lead to rebound hypertension and should be avoided. Reporting side effects is crucial for alternative management.

Choice C rationale

Amlodipine does not necessitate routine potassium monitoring as it does not significantly affect potassium homeostasis. This requirement is more commonly associated with potassium-wasting diuretics or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system modulators.

Choice D rationale

Constipation and abdominal pain, although less common, may occur due to gastrointestinal motility changes caused by smooth muscle relaxation. Prompt reporting ensures timely assessment and potential treatment modifications to enhance adherence.

Choice A rationale

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, such as sildenafil, are the next step in treating erectile dysfunction after lifestyle changes fail. These medications enhance nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in the penile tissues, improving erectile function. Their efficacy, safety, and widespread availability make them the first-line pharmacological option.

Choice B rationale

Negative-pressure devices, like vacuum erection devices, mechanically increase blood flow to the penis to maintain an erection. While effective for some, they are typically considered after the failure of oral pharmacological agents, as they require significant user compliance and may cause discomfort.

Choice C rationale

Penile injections of vasodilatory agents, such as alprostadil, are effective for managing erectile dysfunction. However, these are invasive and often reserved for cases unresponsive to oral medications or mechanical devices. They are not typically the first choice after lifestyle modification.

Choice D rationale

Penis transplantation is an experimental treatment and not a standard approach to managing erectile dysfunction. Its application is limited to cases of significant penile trauma or congenital abnormalities and is not relevant for individuals without such conditions.