The nurse inspects the client's fingernails. Which differentiating characteristics are observed in this assessment finding?

Longitudinal pigmented bands and red brown linear streaks of recent onset.

Thinned depressed nails with lateral edges tilting up to form a concave profile and proximal subungual fungal infection.

Transverse furrows and nail plate white spots that move forward with nail growth.

A nail base angle greater than 180 degrees and nail plate loosened at the distal-lateral edge, progressing proximally.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Longitudinal pigmented bands and red-brown linear streaks of recent onset. This description is more indicative of longitudinal melanonychia, which presents as pigmented bands along the length of the nail plate. It's not typically associated with finger clubbing.

B. Thinned, depressed nails with lateral edges tilting up to form a concave profile and proximal subungual fungal infection. This description suggests koilonychia, also known as spoon nails, which are characterized by thin, depressed nails with lateral edges tilting up. The mention of a fungal infection points to a different condition. It doesn't align with finger clubbing.

C. Transverse furrows and nail plate white spots that move forward with nail growth. This description corresponds to Beau's lines and leukonychia, which are not associated with finger clubbing. Beau's lines are transverse furrows or depressions in the nail plate, while leukonychia manifests as white spots or lines.

D. A nail base angle greater than 180 degrees and nail plate loosened at the distal-lateral edge, progressing proximally. This description fits the characteristics of finger clubbing, where there's an increased nail base angle (greater than 180 degrees) and the nail plate is loosened at the distal-lateral edge, progressing proximally. This choice aligns with the assessment finding.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Needle aspiration of the synovial space: Needle aspiration of the synovial space is a diagnostic procedure used to collect synovial fluid for analysis. It is not directly related to crepitation.

B. Knee arthroplasty surgery: Knee arthroplasty (joint replacement surgery) involves replacing damaged knee joint components with artificial ones. While it can improve joint function, it is not directly related to crepitation.

C. History of a fractured patella: A fractured patella (kneecap) can lead to altered joint mechanics and abnormal wear. This might lead to long-term issues but isn't directly associated with crepitation unless it caused secondary degenerative changes in the knee joint.

D. Degenerative disease: Degenerative joint diseases like osteoarthritis often involve changes in the cartilage, leading to rough surfaces within the joint. When these rough surfaces rub against each other during movement, crepitation can occur.

A. The gallbladder is normal. B. Deeper palpation technique is needed. C. The client is too obese. D. Palpating in the wrong abdominal quadrant.

Correct Answer is A

No explanation

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The nurse inspects the client's fingernails. Which differentiating characteristics are observed in this assessment finding?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When assessing a client's range of motion, the nurse notes crepitation with movement of the left knee. Which information in the client's history is most likely related to this finding?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

While assessing a client who is obese, the nurse is unable to locate the gallbladder when palpating below the liver margin at the lateral border of the rectus abdominal muscle. Which is the most likely explanation for failure to locate the gallbladder by palpation?

Correct Answer is A

The nurse notes an enlarged, visible lymph node on the client's neck. Which action should the nurse take next?

The nurse inspects the client's fingernails. Which differentiating characteristics are observed in this assessment finding?

The nurse completes palpation of the thoracic region on an adolescent client. Which finding is considered normal for this adolescent client?

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During a routine physical examination of a client, chest palpation is determined to be normal except for a 2 inch (5.1 cm) diameter area of crepitus over the upper right anterior chest. Which interpretation is the most accurate for this finding?