The nurse is assessing a patient diagnosed with chronic venous insufficiency. Which clinical manifestations are consistent with this diagnosis? Select All That Apply

Superficial ulcers in the calves

Dilatation of superficial veins

Shiny skin

Blackened toes

Dependent rubor

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

A. Superficial ulcers in the calves: Chronic venous insufficiency can lead to poor circulation in the lower legs, causing tissue damage and the development of superficial ulcers, typically located around the ankles or calves.

B. Dilatation of superficial veins: One of the hallmark signs of chronic venous insufficiency is the visible dilatation (enlargement) of superficial veins, often seen as varicose veins, due to the impaired return of blood to the heart.

C. Shiny skin: Chronic venous insufficiency can cause changes in the skin texture, including thinning and a shiny appearance. This occurs due to chronic edema and impaired circulation in the affected area.

D. Blackened toes: Blackened toes are not typically associated with chronic venous insufficiency. This symptom is more commonly seen in conditions such as peripheral artery disease (PAD) or severe ischemia.

E. Dependent rubor: Dependent rubor, characterized by reddish-blue discoloration of the lower extremities when in a dependent position (e.g., hanging off the bed), can occur in chronic venous insufficiency due to impaired venous return and pooling of blood in the lower extremities.

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Correct Answer is ["42"]

Explanation

To calculate the infusion rate in mL/hr for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to be infused over 24 hours, you would divide the total volume (1000 mL) by the total time (24 hours):

1000 mL ÷ 24 hr = approximately 41.67 mL/hr

Rounded to the nearest whole number, the IV pump should be set to deliver 42 mL/hr.

A. "Weigh yourself after breakfast every morning." B. "Check your blood pressure anytime during the day." C. "Call the primary care provider if you experience any seizures." D. "Exercise at least twice a week"

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Weigh yourself after breakfast every morning": Hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic, can lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances, including hyponatremia and hypokalemia. Monitoring weight daily, particularly after breakfast, helps detect any sudden weight changes that could indicate fluid retention or loss, allowing for timely intervention.

B. "Check your blood pressure anytime during the day": While monitoring blood pressure regularly is important for patients with hypertension, it is not a specific safety precaution related to taking hydrochlorothiazide. Blood pressure monitoring may be recommended, but it is not the primary safety precaution associated with this medication.

C. "Call the primary care provider if you experience any seizures": Seizures are not a common side effect of hydrochlorothiazide. Therefore, while it is important for patients to report any unusual symptoms to their healthcare provider, seizures are not specifically associated with this medication.

D. "Exercise at least twice a week": While regular exercise is beneficial for overall health, it is not a specific safety precaution related to taking hydrochlorothiazide. However, lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise may complement medication therapy in managing hypertension.

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The nurse is assessing a patient diagnosed with chronic venous insufficiency. Which clinical manifestations are consistent with this diagnosis? Select All That Apply

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer total parental nutrition (TPN) 1000 mL to infuse over 24 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr.? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero fit applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["42"]

Explanation

The nurse is teaching an older adult with a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide as a second anti-hypertensive drug. What safety precaution will the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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