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The nurse is aware that all the following pharmacological agents are useful in treating anxiety disorders except:

A.

Benzodiazepines

B.

SSRIs

C.

Tricyclic antidepressants

D.

Calcium channel blockers

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Benzodiazepines: Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed for short-term management of anxiety disorders due to their rapid anxiolytic effects.

B. SSRIs: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are frequently used as first-line treatment for various anxiety disorders due to their efficacy and favorable side effect profile.

C. Tricyclic antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are also used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, although they are less commonly prescribed than SSRIs due to their side effect profile.

D. Calcium channel blockers: Calcium channel blockers are not typically used to treat anxiety disorders. They are mainly used for cardiovascular conditions, such as hypertension and arrhythmias.

 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hematologic spread: Hematologic spread (through the bloodstream) is a common mechanism for metastasis to distant organs like bones and liver. This is the most likely mechanism for the spread described.

B. Lymphatic circulation: Lymphatic spread often leads to regional lymph nodes rather than distant organs like bones and liver.

C. Invasion: Invasion involves local spread into adjacent tissues but does not typically account for distant metastasis.

D. Angiogenesis: Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels to supply the tumor, not the mechanism by which cancer cells spread to distant sites.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Increasing forgetfulness and confusion: These symptoms are more characteristic of Alzheimer's disease or other types of dementia, not Parkinson's disease. While cognitive decline can occur in later stages of PD, it is not typically an initial symptom.

B. Tremors and muscle rigidity: Tremors (often starting in one hand) and muscle rigidity are hallmark initial symptoms of Parkinson's disease. These motor symptoms are among the most common early manifestations.

C. Visual disturbances and muscle weakness: Visual disturbances are not typically associated with early Parkinson's disease, and muscle weakness is not an initial symptom but could occur later due to rigidity and bradykinesia.

D. Fatigue and respiratory difficulties: While fatigue can occur, respiratory difficulties are not typically initial symptoms of Parkinson's disease and are more associated with later stages or other conditions.

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