The nurse is calculating the one-minute Apgar score for a newborn infant and determines that the heart rate is 150 beats/minute, a vigorous cry is present, muscle tone is good with total flexion, quick reflex irritability noted, and skin color is dusky and cyanotic.

Which Apgar score should the nurse assign to this infant?

(Enter numeric value only.)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["9"]

To determine the Apgar score for the newborn infant, we assess five parameters: heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color. Each parameter is scored from 0 to 2, with 2 being the highest score. Let's evaluate each parameter:

Heart rate: 150 beats/minute --> Score of 2.
Respiratory effort: Vigorous cry present --> Score of 2.
Muscle tone: Good muscle tone with total flexion --> Score of 2.
Reflex irritability: Quick reflex irritability noted --> Score of 2.
Color: Dusky and cyanotic skin color --> Score of 1.

Now, we sum up the scores: 2+2+2+2+1=92+2+2+2+1=9

Therefore, the Apgar score for this infant is 9.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Dimpled area above anus: This can be a sign of a pilonidal cyst, a condition where hair follicles become embedded under the skin.

B. Flap of tissue at sphincter: This could indicate haemorrhoids, swollen veins in the anus and rectum.

C. Hypotonic tone of the anal sphincter: Weak anal sphincter tone can lead to faecal incontinence.

D. Increased pigmentation and coarse skin: This is a normal finding, especially in adults. The perianal area can have a darker colour and thicker skin texture compared to other areas

A. "I cough a lot at night and it keeps me up half the night." B. "I sleep on three pillows at night." C. " have multiple attacks of wheezing almost daily." D. "It doesn't take much activity before I'm out of breath."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "I cough a lot at night and it keeps me up half the night." Night-time coughing can be associated with various conditions, including asthma, GERD, or postnasal drip, but it is not specifically indicative of orthopnoea.

B. "I sleep on three pillows at night." This supports orthopnoea, which is difficulty breathing when lying flat. Clients with orthopnoea often use multiple pillows to elevate their upper body to alleviate shortness of breath.

C. "I have multiple attacks of wheezing almost daily." Frequent wheezing is more indicative of asthma or other obstructive airway diseases, not orthopnoea.

D. "It doesn't take much activity before I'm out of breath." This describes dyspnoea on exertion, which is different from orthopnoea, as it refers to difficulty breathing during physical activity rather than when lying down.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

While completing an admission assessment for a client with gastrointestinal bleeding, the nurse inspects the perianal area and anus. Which findings indicate a normal appearance of the anus?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which subjective assessment data supports the nurse's conclusion that a client is experiencing orthopnea?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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