The nurse is caring for a 12-month-old diagnosed with chronic lung disease, receiving supplemental oxygen with a portable oxygen tank. What developmental milestone is likely to be delayed?

Walking unaided 15 steps.

Holding a crayon.

Copying a circle.

Speaking 15 words.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Walking unaided is a significant gross motor milestone that may be delayed in a child with chronic lung disease due to decreased physical stamina and energy levels. These children may tire easily, making it more challenging to develop the strength and coordination needed to walk independently. The need for supplemental oxygen can further limit the child's mobility and opportunities for practicing walking.

Choice B reason: Holding a crayon is a fine motor skill that may not be as significantly affected by chronic lung disease. While any serious health condition can impact overall development, fine motor skills like holding a crayon can be practiced in less physically demanding ways, even if the child has reduced stamina.

Choice C reason: Copying a circle is a developmental milestone typically expected later, around 3 years old. At 12 months, a child is not expected to perform this task, so it is not relevant in this context for identifying a delay at this age.

Choice D reason: Speaking 15 words is a language milestone that can be affected by various factors. However, chronic lung disease more directly impacts physical stamina and gross motor skills rather than speech development. While any health issue can influence overall development, speech and language milestones might not be as immediately impacted by chronic lung disease.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: While some parents may choose to home school their child, this is a personal decision and not a standard recommendation for all children with Trisomy 21. Educational needs should be tailored to the individual child's abilities and preferences, and many children with Trisomy 21 attend public or private schools with appropriate support.

Choice B reason: Teaching the parents about the need for a high-fibre diet is important for overall health but is not specific to Trisomy 21. While children with Trisomy 21 may benefit from a balanced diet, the need for monthly thyroid testing is more directly related to managing their condition.

Choice C reason: Instructing the parents on the need for yearly dental visits is essential for maintaining oral health, but it is not the most critical aspect specific to Trisomy 21. Regular dental check-ups are recommended for all children, regardless of whether they have Trisomy 21.

Choice D reason: Advising the parents that the child will need monthly thyroid testing is crucial because children with Trisomy 21 are at an increased risk for thyroid disorders. Regular monitoring of thyroid function is essential for early detection and management of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, which can significantly impact growth and development.

Correct Answer is ["1"]

Explanation

The APGAR score assesses five criteria: Appearance (skin colour), Pulse (heart rate), Grimace (reflex irritability), Activity (muscle tone), and Respiration (breathing effort). Each criterion is scored from 0 to 2, with a maximum total score of 10.

Appearance: The infant is pale, which scores 0.
Pulse: The heart rate is 99 beats per minute, which scores 1 (as it is below 100).
Grimace: No response to stimulus, which scores 0.
Activity: The infant is limp, which scores 0.
Respiration: No spontaneous respirations, which scores 0.

Summing these scores gives a total APGAR score of 1.

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The nurse is caring for a 12-month-old diagnosed with chronic lung disease, receiving supplemental oxygen with a portable oxygen tank. What developmental milestone is likely to be delayed?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with Trisomy 21. Which topic will the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for an infant delivered one minute ago. The infant has no spontaneous respirations, no response to stimulus, is limp, pale, and has a heart rate of 99 beats per minute. How will the nurse document this infant's APGAR Score? Enter number only (no units).

Correct Answer is ["1"]

Explanation

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