A nurse is teaching a 10-year-old child how to manage their cystic fibrosis. What medication will the nurse teach the child to take before their lunch break?

Bronchodilator

Digestive enzyme

Mucolytic

Aerosolized antibiotic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Bronchodilators are medications that help open the airways in the lungs, making it easier to breathe. They are often used for managing respiratory symptoms in cystic fibrosis, but they are not typically required specifically before meals.

Choice B reason: Digestive enzymes are essential for children with cystic fibrosis to take before meals. These enzymes help the body digest and absorb nutrients from food, which is crucial because cystic fibrosis can impair the pancreas's ability to produce these enzymes naturally.

Choice C reason: Mucolytics are medications that help thin and loosen mucus in the lungs, making it easier to cough up and clear from the airways. While important for managing respiratory symptoms, they are not specifically needed before meals.

Choice D reason: Aerosolized antibiotics are used to treat or prevent lung infections in individuals with cystic fibrosis. They are administered via inhalation and are not tied to meal times but rather prescribed as part of a daily treatment regimen.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Lack of prenatal care is a significant risk factor for neural tube defects, including myelomeningocele, because it often means the mother did not receive important prenatal vitamins like folic acid, which are crucial for proper neural tube development. Prenatal care provides essential screenings and supplements to support a healthy pregnancy and fatal development. Without it, the risk of congenital anomalies, such as myelomeningocele, increases significantly. Additionally, prenatal care helps in identifying and managing other risk factors and conditions that may affect both maternal and fatal health.

Choice B reason: While active Labor with wounds requires medical attention and may pose risks to both mother and baby, it does not directly correlate with an increased risk of myelomeningocele. Myelomeningocele is a congenital condition related to neural tube development early in pregnancy. The presence of wounds in active Labor may indicate complications such as trauma or infection, but these are not associated with neural tube defects.

Choice C reason: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a condition where the amniotic sac ruptures before Labor begins, potentially leading to preterm birth and infections. While PROM is a concern and requires appropriate medical intervention, it is not directly linked to the development of myelomeningocele. The causes of PROM and neural tube defects like myelomeningocele are different, with PROM often related to issues with the amniotic sac or maternal infections.

Choice D reason: Precipitous Labor, which is an unusually rapid Labor and delivery, can pose risks such as trauma to the birth canal and complications for the newborn, but it is not associated with an increased risk of myelomeningocele. The speed of Labor and delivery is not a contributing factor to neural tube defects. Instead, precipitous Labor is more concerning for potential delivery complications and the need for rapid medical response.

A. Lethargy and hypotonia B. Elastic skin turgor C. Apical heart rate = 64 beats per minute D. Blood pressure = 100/54 mmHg E. Flat anterior fontanel

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Lethargy and hypotonia are critical findings in a child who was left in a closed car. These symptoms can indicate severe dehydration, heat stroke, or other serious conditions that require immediate medical attention.

Choice B reason: Elastic skin turgor generally indicates good hydration status and is not an immediate concern that needs to be reported urgently in this context.

Choice C reason: An apical heart rate of 64 beats per minute is significantly low for a 14-month-old child, indicating bradycardia, which can be a sign of severe heat stress or dehydration. This finding needs immediate reporting.

Choice D reason: A blood pressure of 100/54 mmHg is within the normal range for many paediatric patients, but in the context of being left in a hot car, it can suggest potential complications and should be monitored closely. However, it is not as critical as the heart rate and mental status findings.

Choice E reason: A flat anterior fontanel is a normal finding in infants and does not require urgent intervention in this context.

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A nurse is teaching a 10-year-old child how to manage their cystic fibrosis. What medication will the nurse teach the child to take before their lunch break?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for patients on the Labor and delivery unit. Which patient will the nurse consider at higher risk for having a newborn with a myelomeningocele?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The emergency department nurse is assessing a 14-month-old child who was left inside a closed car for an hour. The outside temperature was 88 degrees Fahrenheit. Which assessment findings will the nurse report immediately to the health care provider? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

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