The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following should the nurse identify as findings consistent with schizophrenia? (Select all that apply.)
Schizophrenia can be cured with antidepressants.
Schizophrenia typically first presents in adolescence or early adulthood.
Antipsychotic medications can be used to manage symptoms of hallucinations and delusions.
Some clients with schizophrenia have a higher risk of substance abuse disorders.
Schizophrenia affects thoughts and perceptions.
Correct Answer : B,C,D,E
Choice A Reason:
Schizophrenia cannot be cured with antidepressants. Antidepressants may be used to treat comorbid depression in individuals with schizophrenia, but they do not address the core symptoms of schizophrenia itself. Schizophrenia is a chronic condition that typically requires lifelong treatment with antipsychotic medications to manage symptoms.
Choice B Reason:
Schizophrenia typically first presents in adolescence or early adulthood. This is the period when symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking often first become apparent. The onset of schizophrenia during this developmental stage can significantly impact an individual's social and vocational abilities.
Choice C Reason:
Antipsychotic medications are the cornerstone of schizophrenia treatment. They can be used to manage symptoms of hallucinations and delusions, which are known as positive symptoms of schizophrenia. These medications work by affecting neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly dopamine.
Choice D Reason:
Individuals with schizophrenia have a higher risk of substance abuse disorders. Substance use can exacerbate symptoms of schizophrenia and complicate the course of the illness. It is important for treatment plans to address any co-occurring substance use disorders.
Choice E Reason:
Schizophrenia significantly affects thoughts and perceptions. It can cause distorted thinking patterns, false beliefs, and sensory experiences that others do not share. These symptoms can be distressing and may lead to difficulties in distinguishing reality.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Talking directly to the client and setting clear boundaries is a therapeutic approach. It respects the client's autonomy while also addressing the behavior that is affecting the therapeutic environment. By identifying specific limits, the nurse helps the client understand the consequences of their actions and the importance of maintaining a respectful and honest communication with others.
Choice B reason:
Discussing the problem in a community meeting could be helpful, but it should not be the initial action. This approach might inadvertently shame or embarrass the client in front of peers, which could exacerbate the situation. It's important to address the behavior privately before involving the larger group.
Choice C reason:
Escorting the client to their room each time they socialize could be seen as punitive and may not address the underlying reasons for the lying behavior. It could also isolate the client from social interactions that are an essential part of the healing process.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Laughing inappropriately, such as when watching a sad movie, can be a symptom of schizophrenia, but it is not specific to the catatonic subtype. Inappropriate affect may occur in schizophrenia but does not solely characterize catatonic behavior.
Choice B Reason:
Catatonic schizophrenia is marked by periods of immobility or stupor. A client who maintains an immobilized state for several hours is displaying a classic sign of catatonia. During these periods, the client may be mute, rigid, and resistant to movement, which are key features of this condition.
Choice C Reason:
Refusing to eat certain types of food is not specifically indicative of catatonic schizophrenia. While individuals with schizophrenia may have unusual preferences or fears related to food, this behavior could be related to a variety of factors and is not a definitive sign of catatonia.
Choice D Reason:
Using a rhyming form of speech, known as clang associations, can be seen in schizophrenia but is more characteristic of disorganized thinking associated with the disorder rather than catatonia. Catatonia involves motoric symptoms rather than speech patterns.
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