The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who states, "I do not understand why I have diabetes when I try not to eat a lot of sugar." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Your pancreas is not secreting enough insulin to help regulate your blood sugar level.

Your pancreas is not breaking down glycogen that leads to increased blood sugar level.

Your liver is secreting too much glucagon and that leads to increased blood sugar level.

Your liver is absorbing too much insulin that is why it cannot be used by the blood.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas either does not produce any insulin or produces very little insulin. Insulin is necessary to help regulate blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter cells. In type 2 diabetes, the body may not respond to insulin effectively (insulin resistance), or the pancreas may not produce enough insulin to meet the body's needs. Either way, insulin production or function is impaired, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.
B. The pancreas does not break down glycogen. Instead, the liver breaks down glycogen into glucose when blood sugar is low. The pancreas's role in diabetes is primarily related to insulin production or secretion, not the breakdown of glycogen.
C. Glucagon is a hormone produced by the pancreas that signals the liver to release glucose when blood sugar is low. In diabetes, the issue is typically with insulin production or the body’s response to insulin, not an overproduction of glucagon.
D. This statement is confusing. The liver does not absorb insulin. In type 2 diabetes, the problem is typically insulin resistance, meaning the body’s cells, including those in the liver, do not respond properly to insulin. In type 1 diabetes, the issue is a lack of insulin production.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Look directly at the person you are talking to helps enhance communication by using facial expressions and visual cues, which can compensate for the soft, monotone, or slurred speech often seen in clients with Parkinson’s disease.
B. Stopping to take a breath after each word would make speech more fragmented and harder to follow. It is not a recommended strategy.
C. A hearing aid would help the listener if they had hearing loss, but it does not assist the client with Parkinson’s who is having difficulty speaking, not hearing.
D. Speaking louder may help, but speaking faster is counterproductive. Clients with Parkinson’s often benefit from slower, more deliberate speech and may work with a speech therapist to use strategies like the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT), which focuses on increasing vocal loudness—not speed.

A. "I will use the first drop of blood for my sample" B. "I will poke in the center of the pad of my finger to obtain a sample for testing" C. "I will apply a cold compress on my fingers if I cannot collect any blood" D. "I will make sure I have clean hands prior to testing"

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. It is generally recommended to discard the first drop of blood when testing with a glucometer because it may be diluted with tissue fluid, leading to inaccurate results. The second drop should be used for the sample.
B. The center of the fingertip should be avoided for testing because it contains more nerve endings and can be more painful. It is better to poke the sides of the fingertip for a less painful experience.
C. A cold compress may cause blood vessels to constrict, making it even harder to obtain a blood sample. Gentle massaging of the finger or warming the hands may help with blood flow.
D. It is important to wash hands before testing to ensure that the blood sample is not contaminated with food residues, dirt, or other substances that could affect the accuracy of the glucose reading.

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The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who states, "I do not understand why I have diabetes when I try not to eat a lot of sugar." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease who has difficulty speaking. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is educating a newly diagnosed diabetic client about how to measure blood glucose with a glucometer at home. Which statement, made by the client, indicates teaching was effective?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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