The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who states, "I do not understand why I have diabetes when I try not to eat a lot of sugar." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Your pancreas is not secreting enough insulin to help regulate your blood sugar level.

Your pancreas is not breaking down glycogen that leads to increased blood sugar level.

Your liver is secreting too much glucagon and that leads to increased blood sugar level.

Your liver is absorbing too much insulin that is why it cannot be used by the blood.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas either does not produce any insulin or produces very little insulin. Insulin is necessary to help regulate blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter cells. In type 2 diabetes, the body may not respond to insulin effectively (insulin resistance), or the pancreas may not produce enough insulin to meet the body's needs. Either way, insulin production or function is impaired, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.
B. The pancreas does not break down glycogen. Instead, the liver breaks down glycogen into glucose when blood sugar is low. The pancreas's role in diabetes is primarily related to insulin production or secretion, not the breakdown of glycogen.
C. Glucagon is a hormone produced by the pancreas that signals the liver to release glucose when blood sugar is low. In diabetes, the issue is typically with insulin production or the body’s response to insulin, not an overproduction of glucagon.
D. This statement is confusing. The liver does not absorb insulin. In type 2 diabetes, the problem is typically insulin resistance, meaning the body’s cells, including those in the liver, do not respond properly to insulin. In type 1 diabetes, the issue is a lack of insulin production.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Rubbing the injection site after insulin administration is not recommended, as it can increase the risk of bruising or irritation. Insulin should be injected into the subcutaneous tissue, and massaging or rubbing the site can cause the insulin to be absorbed too quickly, leading to unpredictable blood sugar levels.
B. Injecting the needle at a 90-degree angle is the correct technique for subcutaneous insulin injection, especially when using shorter needles. A 90-degree angle ensures the insulin is delivered into the subcutaneous tissue.
C. Grasping the skin helps to ensure that the insulin is injected into the subcutaneous layer and not into the muscle, which can affect absorption.
D. Rotating injection sites is important to prevent tissue damage or lipodystrophy (thickening or atrophy of the skin). Following a pattern helps ensure that insulin is injected into different areas for consistent absorption.

A. "The catheter under your skin should be changed every week." B. "Your pump will be filled with a rapid-acting insulin." C. "You should not remove the pump for any reason." D. "You will need to check your blood glucose level once each day."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The catheter (infusion set) should generally be changed every 2 to 3 days, not every week, to avoid infection or issues with insulin delivery.
B. Insulin pumps are typically filled with rapid-acting insulin (such as insulin aspart, lispro, or glulisine) because it starts working quickly to help control blood glucose levels throughout the day.
C. The pump can be removed temporarily for activities like showering or swimming, though the catheter or infusion set must remain in place. However, clients should not remove the pump for extended periods without consulting their healthcare provider.
D. Clients using an insulin pump should check their blood glucose levels multiple times per day, typically before meals and at bedtime, to ensure accurate insulin dosing and blood sugar control.

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The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who states, "I do not understand why I have diabetes when I try not to eat a lot of sugar." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is evaluating a client with diabetes mellitus, type 1 who was taught about self-administration of prescribed insulin. Which of the following actions by the client would indicate that more teaching is needed?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes mellitus, type 2 who recently had an insulin pump placed. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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