The nurse is teaching a client about diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following types of diabetes does the client most likely have?
Gestational diabetes
Secondary diabetes
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
The Correct Answer is D
A. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and typically resolves after delivery. It does not typically lead to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), though women with gestational diabetes are at higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
B. Secondary diabetes results from another condition (such as a hormonal disorder or medication use) and is less commonly associated with DKA.
C. While DKA can occur in type 2 diabetes, it is much more common in type 1 diabetes, especially in cases of severe insulin deficiency or missed insulin doses.
D. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is most commonly associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus. It occurs due to a severe lack of insulin, which leads to hyperglycemia, dehydration, and the production of ketones. DKA is a life-threatening complication often seen in newly diagnosed individuals or those with poor diabetes management.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Dextrose is used to treat hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), and there is no indication from the vital signs provided that the client is hypoglycemic.
B. Acetaminophen is an antipyretic (fever reducer), but the priority is not to treat the fever immediately in this case. The client's blood pressure and heart rate need to be addressed first.
C. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that can help reduce both heart rate and blood pressure. The client has severe hypertension (200/110) and tachycardia (heart rate of 160), which may indicate a hypertensive crisis or severe adrenergic overactivity. Propranolol can help lower the heart rate and blood pressure quickly, which is crucial to avoid further cardiovascular complications.
D. Potassium iodide is used in cases of thyroid storm or exposure to radioactive iodine. It is not appropriate for this situation, as the symptoms do not indicate a thyroid emergency or radiation exposure.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While vasodilation can contribute to some types of headaches, such as migraines, cranial arteritis (also known as temporal arteritis) is not primarily caused by vasodilation.
B. Cranial arteritis is an inflammatory condition affecting the lining of the arteries, particularly the temporal arteries. The inflammation causes the headache and can lead to serious complications like vision loss if not treated promptly with corticosteroids.
C. Muscle tension is the typical cause of tension-type headaches, not cranial arteritis.
D. A brain tumor may cause headaches, but it is not the mechanism behind cranial arteritis. Cranial arteritis is a vascular inflammatory disorder.
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