The nurse is caring for a client who had a thrombotic stroke in the Emergency Department. It has been less than 3 hours since the onset of symptoms. The rationale for using tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) for this client is to:

reduce the risk of blood vessel spasm.

prevent platelet aggregation.

dissolve the blood clot.

prevent infection in the brain.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   While blood vessel spasms can occur after a stroke, t-PA does not directly affect them.
B.   Platelet aggregation is the process by which platelets stick together to form a clot. t-PA dissolves clots, but it does not prevent their formation.
C.   Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is a medication that can dissolve blood clots. In the case of a thrombotic stroke, a blood clot has blocked blood flow to the brain. By dissolving the clot, t-PA can restore blood flow and limit brain damage.
D.   t-PA does not have any direct effect on the risk of infection in the brain.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This test is used to measure the level of prolactin, a hormone that stimulates milk production. It is not relevant for cervical cancer screening.
B. This test involves taking a sample of tissue from the lining of the uterus. It is used to diagnose endometrial cancer, not cervical cancer.
C. The Papanicolaou test, commonly known as a Pap smear, is the standard screening test for cervical cancer. It involves collecting cells from the cervix to detect any precancerous changes or cervical cancer itself. This is the correct answer, as it directly relates to cervical cancer screening.
D. This test uses sound waves to create images of the vagina and cervix. It can be used to evaluate the cervix for abnormalities, but it is not as sensitive as a Pap test for detecting cervical cancer.

A. Flank mass and hematuria B. Dark tarry stool and mental status change C. Shortness of breath and chest pain D. Urinary frequency and hypotension

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Renal cancer can often present with a palpable flank mass due to tumor growth. Hematuria (blood in the urine) is also a common finding in patients with kidney tumors and can result from bleeding within the renal system. Flank pain, especially in the context of renal cancer, often accompanies these findings.
B. Dark, tarry stools (melena) suggest gastrointestinal bleeding, which is not directly associated with renal cancer. Mental status changes could indicate various issues, such as metabolic imbalances or anemia, but they are not specific findings for renal cancer.
C. While patients with advanced cancer may experience shortness of breath due to metastasis to the lungs or other complications, chest pain is not a direct finding associated with renal cancer. These symptoms could indicate other issues, such as cardiac or pulmonary problems.
D. While urinary frequency can occur due to various urinary tract issues, it is not a classic symptom of renal cancer. Hypotension is also not a typical finding associated with renal cancer unless there is significant blood loss or other complications.

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The nurse is caring for a client who had a thrombotic stroke in the Emergency Department. It has been less than 3 hours since the onset of symptoms. The rationale for using tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) for this client is to:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who asks to be screened for cervical cancer because a relative has been diagnosed with it. Which of the following tests should the nurse expect the provider to use?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with renal cancer. The client is complaining of flank pain. Which additional assessment finding should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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