The nurse is caring for a client who had a thrombotic stroke in the Emergency Department. It has been less than 3 hours since the onset of symptoms. The rationale for using tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) for this client is to:

reduce the risk of blood vessel spasm.

prevent platelet aggregation.

dissolve the blood clot.

prevent infection in the brain.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   While blood vessel spasms can occur after a stroke, t-PA does not directly affect them.
B.   Platelet aggregation is the process by which platelets stick together to form a clot. t-PA dissolves clots, but it does not prevent their formation.
C.   Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is a medication that can dissolve blood clots. In the case of a thrombotic stroke, a blood clot has blocked blood flow to the brain. By dissolving the clot, t-PA can restore blood flow and limit brain damage.
D.   t-PA does not have any direct effect on the risk of infection in the brain.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A carotid endarterectomy does not involve bypassing the plaques; rather, it directly addresses the blockage.
B. Carotid endarterectomy is a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the neck to access the carotid artery, where the surgeon removes the atherosclerotic plaques that are causing narrowing and restricting blood flow. This helps reduce the risk of stroke.
C. Carotid endarterectomy is not brain surgery; it is performed on the carotid arteries in the neck. The procedure aims to prevent strokes by improving blood flow to the brain, but it does not involve surgery on the brain itself.
D. This description does not accurately reflect carotid endarterectomy. The procedure does not involve resecting an artery in the brain or using a graft; rather, it focuses on removing plaques from the carotid artery in the neck.

Correct Answer is ["7"]

Explanation

(desired dose * volume of solution) / (concentration of drug * time) = rate.

For an infusion of 7 units per hour with a concentration of 100 units in 100 mL, the calculation would be: (7 units/hour * 100 mL) / (100 units * 1 hour) = 7 mL/hour.

Therefore, the nurse should set the IV pump to 7 mL per hour to deliver a continuous infusion of insulin at the prescribed rate.

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Blood Cell	Normal Ranges
Red blood cells (mature, circulating)	Male 4.51-6.01 million/mm3 Female: 4.01-5.51 million/mm3
Hemoglobin	Adult (15-64 yr) Male 14-17.3 g/dL Female 11.7-15.5 g/dL
Hematocrit	42% -52% in males 36% -48% in females
Reticulocytes	0.5% -2.5% of total RBC count
White blood cells (total)	4.5-11.1 103/mm3
Neutrophils	59% Bands 3% Segs-56%
Eosinophils	2.7%
Basophils	0.5%
Lymphocytes	34%
Monocytes	4%
Platelets	150,000-450,000/mm3

The nurse is caring for a client who had a thrombotic stroke in the Emergency Department. It has been less than 3 hours since the onset of symptoms. The rationale for using tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) for this client is to:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The physician recommends a carotid endarterectomy for a client with atherosclerosis and a history of transient ischemic attacks (TIAS). The nurse explains that this procedure involves:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client is prescribed a continuous infusion of IV Insulin at 7 units per hour. Pharmacy delivers a concentration of 100 units of regular insulin in 100 mL of NSS. At what rate should the nurse set the IV pump? (round to the nearest whole number)

Correct Answer is ["7"]

Explanation

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