The nurse is caring for a client who has kidney disease. The client has urinated 250 mL over the past 24 hours. The nurse describes this urine output as:

polyuria.

retention.

oliguria.

anuria.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Polyuria: Polyuria refers to abnormally large volume of urine output, typically exceeding 2.5 to 3 liters per day in adults. It is often associated with conditions such as diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, or certain medications that increase urine production. Urinating 250 mL over 24 hours does not meet the criteria for polyuria.

B. Retention: Urinary retention refers to the inability to completely empty the bladder, leading to accumulation of urine. It is characterized by difficulty initiating urination or incomplete bladder emptying. Urinating 250 mL over 24 hours does not indicate urinary retention.

C. Oliguria: Oliguria is defined as diminished urine output, typically less than 400 mL per day in adults. It is a common sign of kidney dysfunction or acute kidney injury. Urinating 250 mL over 24 hours falls within the range of oliguria, indicating decreased urine production compared to normal.

D. Anuria: Anuria is the absence of urine production or excretion, typically defined as urine output less than 100 mL per day. It is often indicative of severe kidney dysfunction, renal failure, or obstruction of the urinary tract. While the client's urine output of 250 mL over 24 hours is low, it does not meet the criteria for anuria.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. always has a religious connotation: This statement is incorrect. While spirituality can be intertwined with religion for many individuals, it does not always have a religious connotation. Spirituality encompasses a broader sense of connection to something greater than oneself, which may or may not be associated with organized religion.

B. is a narrower concept than religion: This statement is incorrect. Spirituality is often considered a broader concept than religion. While religion typically involves organized beliefs, rituals, and practices within a specific faith tradition, spirituality encompasses a wider range of experiences, beliefs, and practices that relate to the search for meaning, purpose, and connection to the transcendent.

C. does not necessarily include religion: This statement is correct. Spirituality can exist independently of religion. While religion often involves spirituality, spirituality can encompass a wide range of beliefs, experiences, and practices that may or may not be connected to organized religion. Individuals can experience spirituality through various means such as nature, relationships, art, meditation, and personal reflection, regardless of religious affiliation.

D. has been created by humans to define ethical conduct: This statement is incorrect. Spirituality is not solely created by humans to define ethical conduct. While ethical principles and values may be part of spiritual beliefs for many individuals, spirituality encompasses broader aspects of human experience, including the search for meaning, connection, and transcendence, which extend beyond ethical conduct.

A. 4 in. (10.2 cm) B. 5 in (12.7 cm) C. 6 in. (15.25 cm) D. 2 in. (5.1 cm) E. 3 in. (7.6 cm)

Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

When administering an enema to an adult patient with constipation, the nurse must insert the tubing into the patient's rectum to deliver the enema solution effectively. However, it's crucial to avoid inserting the tubing too far to prevent injury or discomfort to the patient. The recommended insertion distance varies depending on the individual patient's anatomy and the type of enema being administered.

A. 4 in. (10.2 cm):

Inserting the enema tubing approximately 4 inches (10.2 cm) into the patient's rectum is considered a safe and effective distance for most adult patients. This depth allows the enema solution to reach the sigmoid colon, facilitating the evacuation of stool and relieving constipation without risking insertion too deeply into the rectum.

B. 5 in (12.7 cm): Inserting the tubing 5 inches into the rectum is generally deeper than necessary and may increase the risk of injury or discomfort. This distance is not typically recommended for safe and effective administration of an enema.

C. 6 in. (15.25 cm): Inserting the tubing 6 inches into the rectum is deeper than necessary and may increase the risk of injury or discomfort. This distance is generally not recommended for safe and effective administration of an enema.

D. 2 in. (5.1 cm): Inserting the tubing 2 inches into the rectum is not considered a safe and effective distance for many adult patients. This distance does not allow for the effective delivery of the enema solution into the lower rectum and sigmoid colon without inserting the tubing too far.

E. 3 in. (7.6 cm): Inserting the tubing 3 inches into the rectum is also considered a safe and effective distance for many adult patients. This distance allows for the delivery of the enema solution into the lower rectum and sigmoid colon without inserting the tubing too far.

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The nurse is caring for a client who has kidney disease. The client has urinated 250 mL over the past 24 hours. The nurse describes this urine output as:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

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