The nurse is caring for a client who has signs and symptoms of heart failure. Which of the following diagnostic tests is appropriate to assess the patient’s heart failure?

A. Shortness of breath

Shortness of breath can be a symptom of a myocardial infarction in both men and women.

B. Anxiety

Anxiety can be a symptom in some cases, as individuals may feel a sense of impending doom or anxiety during an MI.

C. Unusual fatigue

Unusual fatigue, especially if it is severe or occurs with exertion, can be a symptom of a myocardial infarction.

D. Back pain

Back pain, particularly between the shoulder blades, can be a symptom of a myocardial infarction in women.

E. Chest pain

Chest pain or discomfort is a classic symptom of a myocardial infarction. While women may experience chest pain, they are also more likely than men to have atypical symptoms.

A. "A single elevated blood pressure does not confirm hypertension. A diagnosis of hypertension requires two or more elevated readings taken by your physician before a diagnosis can be made."

This response emphasizes the need for multiple elevated readings for a diagnosis of hypertension. It educates the individual about the diagnostic criteria and encourages them to seek further evaluation from their physician.

B. "We will need to reevaluate your blood pressure because your age places you at high risk for hypertension."

This response might be seen as implying that age alone is a significant factor in determining hypertension, which may not be accurate. While age is a risk factor, the emphasis should be on the need for multiple readings and a physician's evaluation rather than attributing it solely to age.

C. "Hypertension is prevalent among men: it is fortunate we caught this during your routine examination."

This response suggests that the elevated blood pressure is automatically assumed to be hypertension based on gender. It is important to avoid making assumptions and instead focus on the need for proper evaluation and multiple readings for a hypertension diagnosis.

D. "You have no need to worry. Your pressure is probably elevated because you are being tested."

This response dismisses the individual's concerns and attributes the elevated blood pressure solely to the testing situation. While stress or anxiety can influence blood pressure readings, it's essential to address the need for further evaluation and not completely disregard the possibility of hypertension.