The nurse is caring for a client with frequent dizziness. The nurse is evaluating the client for postural hypotension. Which of the following symptoms would indicate a potential diagnosis?
A drop in diastolic blood pressure (25 mmHg) upon rising
A pulsating headache
A blood pressure elevation upon activity
A drop in systolic blood pressure (15 mm Hg) upon rising
The Correct Answer is A
A. A drop in diastolic blood pressure (25 mmHg) upon rising: Orthostatic (postural) hypotension is diagnosed by a drop of ≥20 mmHg systolic or ≥10 mmHg diastolic within 3 minutes of standing. A 25 mmHg drop in diastolic pressure is a significant change and meets criteria for this condition.
B. A pulsating headache: While a headache may accompany blood pressure fluctuations, it is not a defining symptom of postural hypotension. It lacks the diagnostic specificity needed to confirm this condition.
C. A blood pressure elevation upon activity: An increase in blood pressure during activity is expected and not diagnostic of postural hypotension. In fact, postural hypotension involves a blood pressure drop upon standing, not a rise.
D. A drop in systolic blood pressure (15 mm Hg) upon rising: A 15 mmHg systolic drop does not meet the threshold for orthostatic hypotension. For diagnosis, the systolic pressure must drop by at least 20 mmHg within 3 minutes of standing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Attend a self-help group: Self-help groups offer emotional support and accountability, which are beneficial for those recovering from binge eating. They help reduce isolation and promote healthy coping strategies.
B. Stick to a strict diet plan: Rigid dieting increases the risk of relapse by creating a cycle of deprivation followed by loss of control. Binge eaters benefit more from flexible, balanced eating plans that promote sustainable habits and reduce food guilt.
C. Be cautious of sugar-free items: Some sugar-free products contain sugar alcohols that may cause digestive discomfort and trigger eating episodes. Awareness of food choices is important in managing physical and emotional reactions to food.
D. Remember recovery is a day-by-day process: Emphasizing gradual progress supports long-term change and reduces pressure. This mindset helps prevent discouragement and relapse, especially when setbacks occur.
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Eroded teeth enamel: Frequent vomiting in bulimia nervosa exposes teeth to stomach acid, leading to enamel erosion. This is a classic physical sign associated with purging behavior.
B. Younger onset than anorexia nervosa: Bulimia nervosa typically has a later onset than anorexia nervosa, often emerging in late adolescence or early adulthood. This statement is inaccurate for distinguishing between the two disorders.
C. Denial of abnormal eating habits: Clients with bulimia nervosa are often aware of their disordered eating behaviors and may express guilt or shame. Denial is more characteristic of anorexia nervosa.
D. Overweight or normal weight: Unlike individuals with anorexia, those with bulimia usually maintain a normal or slightly above-average weight, due to cycles of binge eating and purging rather than extreme caloric restriction.
E. Admits to purging and binging: Admission of binging and purging episodes is a key behavioral characteristic of bulimia nervosa. Clients may describe eating large amounts of food followed by self-induced vomiting or use of laxatives.
F. Appears thin but feels fat: This perception is more commonly associated with anorexia nervosa, where body image distortion is profound despite extreme thinness. Bulimia clients often have less severe weight loss.
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