The nurse is caring for a client with suspected liver cancer and is providing education related to a needle biopsy procedure. Which of the following statements by the client would require further teaching?

Choice A reason: Steak, a solid, requires chewing and swallowing coordination, risking aspiration in dysphagia post-CVA due to impaired pharyngeal muscle control.

Choice B reason: Iced tea, a thin liquid, flows quickly, increasing aspiration risk in CVA patients with weakened swallow reflexes, unable to manage thin consistencies safely.

Choice C reason: Grapes, small and round, pose choking and aspiration hazards in dysphagia, as they require intact bolus control, often compromised post-stroke.

Choice D reason: Mashed potatoes, soft and thick, are easier to swallow, reducing aspiration risk in dysphagia post-CVA, aligning with thickened consistency recommendations.

Choice A reason: Tachypnea occurs in left-sided heart failure as pulmonary edema from backpressure increases respiratory effort to oxygenate blood through fluid-filled alveoli.

Choice B reason: Cough in left-sided failure results from pulmonary congestion irritating airways, often producing frothy sputum as fluid leaks from capillaries into lungs.

Choice C reason: Jugular vein distention indicates right-sided heart failure, where systemic venous pressure rises, not left-sided, which affects lungs, not neck veins.

Choice D reason: Ascites, abdominal fluid buildup, stems from right-sided failure’s hepatic congestion, not left-sided failure’s pulmonary focus, making it unrelated here.

Choice E reason: Confusion may occur late in severe heart failure from hypoxia, but it’s not specific to left-sided failure’s early pulmonary symptoms like tachypnea.