The nurse is caring for a newborn with a Ventricular-Septal Defect (VSD). The nurse should recognize that the signs and symptoms of this defect are? (Select All That Apply.)
Swelling in all extremities.
Frequent lung infections.
Standard weight and growth percentile.
Dyspnea.
Heart murmur.
Correct Answer : B,D,E
A. Swelling in all extremities is not typically a symptom of VSD; it may indicate a different cardiac or renal issue.
B. Frequent lung infections are common in children with VSD due to pulmonary congestion.
C. Standard weight and growth percentile is not typical for VSD, as the child may experience failure to thrive.
D. Dyspnea occurs due to increased blood flow to the lungs and pulmonary congestion.
E. A heart murmur is a hallmark of VSD, heard due to the abnormal flow of blood through the septal defect.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a soft tissue cancer that most commonly affects the head and neck, especially in children.
B. Rhabdomyosarcoma is not a bone tumor; it is a soft tissue tumor. The most common bone tumor in children is osteosarcoma.
C. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor, not benign, and it is one of the most common childhood cancers.
D. Rhabdomyosarcoma is not generally considered a hereditary tumor. Most cases are sporadic with no known genetic predisposition.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Tachycardia can occur with a brain tumor due to increased intracranial pressure and systemic stress responses.
B. Hyporeflexia is not a typical sign of a brain tumor. Hyperreflexia or changes in reflexes may be seen with central nervous system involvement.
C. Decreased appetite is more common due to nausea, vomiting, and other neurological symptoms associated with brain tumors.
D. A negative Babinski reflex is normal in children over 2 years old, and a positive Babinski reflex (extending the toes) may indicate neurological involvement, not a typical finding in brain tumors.
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