The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing disequilibrium syndrome during hemodialysis. Which of the following interventions will the nurse implement for this patient? (Select All That Apply)

Administer a rapid infusion of fluids.

Increase the dialysis flow rate.

Decrease the rate of dialysis.

Apply ice packs to the patient's head.

Monitor neurological status closely.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C

Choice A reason: Administering a rapid infusion of fluids is not appropriate for disequilibrium syndrome. This syndrome results from rapid changes in fluid and electrolyte balance during dialysis, and rapid fluid infusion could worsen the condition.

Choice B reason: Increasing the dialysis flow rate is not appropriate. Decreasing the rate of dialysis can help reduce the symptoms of disequilibrium syndrome by allowing the body to adjust more gradually.

Choice C reason: Decreasing the rate of dialysis helps to minimize the rapid shifts in fluid and electrolytes, which can exacerbate disequilibrium syndrome.

Choice D reason: Applying ice packs to the patient's head is not a standard intervention for disequilibrium syndrome. The focus should be on managing the rate of dialysis and monitoring the patient's neurological status.

Choice E reason: Monitoring neurological status closely is important because disequilibrium syndrome can cause symptoms such as headache, nausea, confusion, and seizures. Close monitoring allows for prompt intervention if symptoms worsen.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Normal blood pressure and deep respirations do not necessarily indicate that hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome is resolving. Deep respirations, also known as Kussmaul respirations, can occur in response to severe hyperglycemia.

Choice B reason: Increased alertness and a normal heart rhythm suggest that the patient's neurological status and cardiovascular system are stabilizing, which are positive indicators that the treatment is effective in managing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome.

Choice C reason: High urine specific gravity and normal temperature do not directly indicate the effectiveness of treatment for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. High urine specific gravity can result from dehydration.

Choice D reason: A blood glucose level of 250 mg/dL with disorientation still indicates poorly controlled hyperglycemia and ongoing metabolic disturbance, which means the treatment is not yet effective.

A. Ulcers in the descending colon noted on colonoscopy B. Absence of narrowing of the colon and mucosal edema on barium studies C. Fistulas and perianal involvement D. Mild bleeding and abdominal mass E. Regional, discontinuous skip lesions noted on the barium studies

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Ulcers in the descending colon are indicative of Crohn's disease, which affects any part of the gastrointestinal tract.

Choice B reason: Absence of narrowing of the colon and mucosal edema is more indicative of ulcerative colitis rather than Crohn's disease.

Choice C reason: Fistulas and perianal involvement are common complications of Crohn's disease due to the transmural inflammation.

Choice D reason: Mild bleeding and an abdominal mass can be associated with both Crohn's disease and other gastrointestinal disorders, making it less specific.

Choice E reason: Regional, discontinuous skip lesions are a hallmark of Crohn's disease, seen on barium studies, indicating areas of inflammation separated by normal tissue.

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The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing disequilibrium syndrome during hemodialysis. Which of the following interventions will the nurse implement for this patient? (Select All That Apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. The patient is receiving intravenous fluids of normal saline with 20 mEq of potassium chloride and a continuous insulin infusion. Which finding will indicate to the nurse that the treatment is effective?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

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