The nurse is caring for a patient who will be discharged with a prescription for lisinopril. What discharge teaching should be provided related to this medication?
Take this medication with food or milk
Get potassium levels drawn periodically
Increase intake of green vegetables
Use salt substitute for cooking
The Correct Answer is B
A. While taking some medications with food or milk can help with absorption, this is not a specific requirement for lisinopril.
B. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can lead to elevated potassium levels. Periodic monitoring of potassium levels is essential to prevent hyperkalemia, a potentially dangerous side effect.
C. Increasing intake of green vegetables is generally healthy but does not directly impact lisinopril's effects.
D. Many salt substitutes contain potassium, which could elevate potassium levels further when taken with ACE inhibitors like lisinopril, posing a risk for hyperkalemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Neurogenic shock occurs in spinal cord injuries above T6 and is characterized by hypotension, bradycardia, and loss of sympathetic tone below the level of injury. This condition results from disruption of autonomic pathways.
B. Brain herniation typically involves increased intracranial pressure and different neurological symptoms.
C. Spinal shock involves temporary loss of reflexes and sensation but does not specifically cause bradycardia or hypotension.
D. Autonomic dysreflexia involves sudden high blood pressure and is usually triggered by noxious stimuli, occurring after the acute phase of SCI.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While using a cane or walker may be necessary for some patients experiencing balance issues, it is not a specific instruction related to phenytoin.
B. Phenytoin dosages should not be adjusted solely based on observed seizure activity; the dose must be managed carefully based on serum drug levels and the clinician's guidance.
C. Patients on phenytoin typically require more frequent monitoring of blood levels (every 2-3 months initially) rather than annually, as maintaining therapeutic levels is essential to avoid toxicity or ineffective seizure control.
D. Regular dental visits are crucial for patients taking phenytoin because the medication can cause gingival hyperplasia (overgrowth of gum tissue), which necessitates careful dental hygiene and regular monitoring by a dentist to prevent complications.
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