The nurse is caring for a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) who is experiencing changes to their bowel function. What intervention will the nurse implement for this patient?

Implement a fluid restriction of 1500 mL in 24 hours

Provide a bland, low-residue diet

Establish a bowel routine with daily stool softeners

Consult surgeon to discuss colostomy creation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Implementing a fluid restriction could worsen constipation and bowel function in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Choice B reason: Providing a bland, low-residue diet is less effective in managing bowel function compared to establishing a regular bowel routine.

Choice C reason: Establishing a bowel routine with daily stool softeners helps maintain regular bowel movements and prevents constipation, which is important for patients with multiple sclerosis.

Choice D reason: Consulting a surgeon for colostomy creation is a more invasive intervention that is not the first line of treatment for changes in bowel function in multiple sclerosis patients.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: The lab results pH 7.30, PaCO2 59, HCO3 30 indicate respiratory acidosis with partial compensation. This is a typical finding in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to chronic hypoventilation and CO2 retention. The elevated PaCO2 reflects respiratory acidosis, and the elevated HCO3 indicates renal compensation to maintain acid-base balance.

Choice B reason: The lab results pH 7.50, PaCO2 30, HCO3 24 indicate respiratory alkalosis. This is not typical for COPD, where respiratory acidosis is more common.

Choice C reason: The lab results pH 7.48, PaCO2 42, HCO3 29 indicate metabolic alkalosis with partial compensation, which is not consistent with the primary respiratory issues seen in COPD.

Choice D reason: The lab results pH 7.33, PaCO2 34, HCO3 18 indicate metabolic acidosis with partial compensation, which is not typical for COPD. COPD primarily causes respiratory acidosis due to CO2 retention.

A. "It's important for me to avoid foods that are high in sodium such as canned soups and processed meats." B. "I should limit my intake of high-potassium foods like bananas and tomatoes." C. "I will eat a high-protein diet with lots of dark green, leafy vegetables." D. "I need to monitor my fluid intake to prevent fluid overload."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Avoiding foods that are high in sodium such as canned soups and processed meats is correct. High sodium intake can worsen fluid retention and hypertension, which are concerns in chronic kidney disease.

Choice B reason: Limiting intake of high-potassium foods like bananas and tomatoes is correct. High potassium levels can lead to dangerous cardiac arrhythmias in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Choice C reason: Eating a high-protein diet with lots of dark green, leafy vegetables is incorrect. While protein is important, excessive protein intake can increase the workload on the kidneys. Patients with chronic kidney disease often need to limit protein intake to prevent further kidney damage. Additionally, dark green, leafy vegetables are high in potassium, which should be limited.

Choice D reason: Monitoring fluid intake to prevent fluid overload is correct. Fluid overload can lead to hypertension, edema, and heart failure in patients with chronic kidney disease.

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The nurse is caring for a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) who is experiencing changes to their bowel function. What intervention will the nurse implement for this patient?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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