The nurse is caring for an immunosuppressed pediatric client who reports soreness in his mouth and refuses to eat. Inspection of his mouth reveals a white, milky plaque that does not come off with rubbing. The nurse should anticipate which drug to be administered to this client?

nystatin (Mycostatin)

amoxicillin (Amoxil)

metronidazole (Flagyl)

acyclovir (Zovirax)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Nystatin is an antifungal medication used to treat oral candidiasis (thrush), which is consistent with the client's symptoms of soreness in the mouth and the presence of a white, milky plaque that does not rub off.
B. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that treats bacterial infections but would not be effective against fungal infections like oral thrush.
C. Metronidazole is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication, which is not appropriate for treating oral candidiasis.
D. Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat infections caused by certain viruses, such as herpes, and is not effective for fungal infections like thrush.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Macrolides, such as azithromycin and erythromycin, have a low cross-reactivity with penicillin and are typically safe alternatives for those with penicillin allergies.
B. Sulfonamides are not structurally similar to penicillins and generally do not have cross-sensitivity issues with penicillin allergies.
C. Cephalosporins share a similar beta-lactam structure to penicillins, which can result in cross-sensitivity in some individuals with a penicillin allergy. For this reason, they should be avoided or used with caution in these clients.
D. Tetracyclines have a different structure from penicillins and are usually safe for clients with penicillin allergies.

A. "I've heard that this drug is particularly good at preventing asthma attacks during exercise." B. "I know that these drugs can sometimes make my heart beat faster." C. "I'll make sure to use this each time I feel an asthma attack coming on." D. "I've heard that this drug sometimes gets less effective over time."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. LABAs can help prevent asthma attacks, including those triggered by exercise, so this statement is accurate and does not indicate a need for further education.
B. LABAs may cause side effects like an increased heart rate, which the client correctly recognizes.
C. LABAs are not intended for immediate relief of asthma symptoms; they are for long-term control. A short-acting beta2-agonist (SABA) should be used for acute symptoms, indicating this client needs further education.
D. Over time, tolerance can develop with some medications, and this understanding is accurate, so it does not indicate a need for additional teaching.

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The nurse is caring for an immunosuppressed pediatric client who reports soreness in his mouth and refuses to eat. Inspection of his mouth reveals a white, milky plaque that does not come off with rubbing. The nurse should anticipate which drug to be administered to this client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client diagnosed with strep throat requires antibiotics for treatment. With an allergy to penicillin, the nurse understands which medication should be avoided due to cross-sensitivity with penicillin medications?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client's severe asthma has necessitated the use of a long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA). Which of the client's statements suggests a need for further education?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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