The nurse is caring for an immunosuppressed pediatric client who reports soreness in his mouth and refuses to eat. Inspection of his mouth reveals a white, milky plaque that does not come off with rubbing. The nurse should anticipate which drug to be administered to this client?
nystatin (Mycostatin)
amoxicillin (Amoxil)
metronidazole (Flagyl)
acyclovir (Zovirax)
The Correct Answer is A
A. Nystatin is an antifungal medication used to treat oral candidiasis (thrush), which is consistent with the client's symptoms of soreness in the mouth and the presence of a white, milky plaque that does not rub off.
B. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that treats bacterial infections but would not be effective against fungal infections like oral thrush.
C. Metronidazole is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication, which is not appropriate for treating oral candidiasis.
D. Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat infections caused by certain viruses, such as herpes, and is not effective for fungal infections like thrush.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","F"]
Explanation
A. Morphine administered intravenously bypasses the gastrointestinal tract and liver, avoiding the first-pass effect entirely.
B. Diphenhydramine in tablet form is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and undergoes significant first-pass metabolism in the liver, affecting its bioavailability.
C. Famotidine in tablet form is also subject to first-pass metabolism, which can reduce its effectiveness.
D. Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are designed to bypass the first-pass metabolism by being absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes.
E. The same applies to nitroglycerin 10mg sublingual tablets; they also avoid the first-pass effect due to sublingual administration.
F. Acetaminophen is taken orally and undergoes first-pass metabolism in the liver, which can significantly affect its overall bioavailability.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Cherries do not contain tyramine, which is the compound of concern for clients on MAOIs, so they can be included in the diet.
B. Cheddar cheese is high in tyramine, which can lead to hypertensive crises when consumed by clients taking MAOIs. Therefore, it should be eliminated from the diet.
C. Chicken is generally safe for clients on MAOIs as it does not contain significant amounts of tyramine.
D. Fresh fish is also safe to consume while on MAOIs as long as it is fresh and not aged, fermented, or spoiled, which could contain higher tyramine levels.
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