A diabetic client who is currently taking metformin is ordered a computerized tomography (CT) scan with contrast. The nurse understands that the client's metformin should be discontinued how many hours before receiving intravenous (IV) contrast?
24 hours
12 hours
6 hours
48 hours
The Correct Answer is B
A. Discontinuing metformin 24 hours before a CT scan is longer than necessary and not standard practice.
B. It is generally recommended that metformin be held for at least 12 hours before the administration of IV contrast to reduce the risk of lactic acidosis, especially in clients with renal impairment.
C. Six hours is insufficient time to ensure the medication is cleared from the system, considering the potential risks.
D. Discontinuing metformin for 48 hours is overly cautious and not necessary unless there are complications that arise after the contrast is administered.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hydralazine is a vasodilator that does not directly replace ACE inhibitors and is not the preferred alternative for managing hypertension or heart failure.
B. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that is used for different indications and is not a direct substitute for ACE inhibitors.
C. Furosemide is a loop diuretic used for fluid management, not as an alternative to ACE inhibitors.
D. Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) and serves as a suitable alternative to ACE inhibitors for patients who experience a cough from them, as ARBs do not typically cause this side effect.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Estrogen blockers can increase the risk of thromboembolic events, including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, which the nurse should caution the client about.
B. Tendon rupture is more commonly associated with certain antibiotics and corticosteroids, not typically with estrogen blockers.
C. Photosensitivity is not a common side effect associated with estrogen blockers; it is more related to specific antibiotics or other medications.
D. While some malignancies can be linked to immunosuppressive therapies, the direct risk of lymphomas is not typically associated with estrogen blockers.
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