A nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and is receiving heparin. The client asks the nurse how long it will take for the heparin to dissolve the clot, which of the following responses should the nurse give?

"Depending on the level of your PT/INR, the clot will begin to dissolve."

"Heparin goes not dissolve clots. It stops new clots from forming"

"It usually takes heparin at least 2 to 3 days to reach a therapeutic blood level."

"After the first dose, the clot will begin to dissolve."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. PT/INR is more relevant for monitoring anticoagulant therapy like warfarin, not heparin.

B. This response is accurate; heparin prevents further clot formation but does not dissolve existing clots, which can take time for the body to reabsorb.

C. Heparin begins to exert its effects quickly, and therapeutic levels are not measured by PT/INR but by aPTT or anti-factor Xa levels.

D. Clots do not dissolve immediately after the first dose of heparin; the medication's role is to prevent clot extension.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","E","F"]

Explanation

A. Rebound hypotension can occur with the abrupt withdrawal of beta-blockers like esmolol, so clients should be advised against suddenly stopping the medication.

B. Vomiting is not a typical or common side effect of esmolol.

C. Bradycardia is a known effect of beta-blockers, including esmolol, and should be monitored.

D. Esmolol can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia in diabetic patients, which is an important consideration for patient education.

E. Tremors are not commonly associated with esmolol; rather, they might be seen in other conditions or medications.

F. Bronchoconstriction can occur with non-selective beta-blockers; however, esmolol is cardioselective, so the risk is lower but still possible, especially in patients with underlying respiratory conditions.

A. losartan (Cozaar) B. metoprolol (Lopressor) C. furosemide (Lasix) D. hydralazine HCL (Apresoline) E. hydralazine HCL (Apresoline)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Losartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) that serves as an effective alternative to ACE inhibitors, particularly for patients who experience cough as a side effect.

B. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker, which is not a direct alternative to ACE inhibitors and is used for different indications such as heart rate and blood pressure control.

C. Furosemide is a diuretic that does not directly substitute for the actions of ACE inhibitors.

D. Hydralazine is a direct vasodilator used for hypertension but does not share the same mechanism as ACE inhibitors or serve as a direct alternative.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and is receiving heparin. The client asks the nurse how long it will take for the heparin to dissolve the clot, which of the following responses should the nurse give?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who suffers from hypertension and headaches is prescribed esmolol (Brevibloc). The nurse would educate the client on which side effects associated with this medication? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E","F"]

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who experienced a dry-non productive cough associated with an ACE inhibitor. Which of the following drugs is an alternative to ACE inhibitors?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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