The nurse is caring for an older adult client that is exhibiting signs of confusion. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

A. Clam chowder is typically high in sodium due to the use of canned clams and broth, making it an unsuitable choice for a low-sodium diet. The high sodium content can exacerbate hypertension and other cardiovascular issues, which is why it is not recommended for someone recovering from a myocardial infarction.

B. Turkey sandwich is a better option for a low-sodium diet, especially if the turkey is fresh and not processed. Fresh turkey contains significantly less sodium compared to processed meats. Additionally, using whole grain bread and adding vegetables like lettuce and tomato can enhance the nutritional value without adding excessive sodium.

C. Bacon, lettuce, and tomato sandwich is not suitable for a low-sodium diet because bacon is high in sodium. Even though the lettuce and tomato are healthy, the bacon’s high sodium content makes this choice inappropriate for someone who needs to limit their sodium intake.

D. Macaroni and cheese is generally high in sodium, especially if it is made from a boxed mix or contains processed cheese. The high sodium content can be detrimental to someone on a low-sodium diet, making it an unsuitable choice for lunch.

Choice B reason:

Reviewing the intake and output record is essential for identifying potential causes of the client’s confusion, such as dehydration or electrolyte imbalances. Monitoring fluid intake and output helps assess the client’s hydration status and detect any imbalances that could contribute to confusion. This intervention allows the nurse to make informed decisions about fluid and electrolyte management to address the underlying cause of the confusion.

Choice A reason:

Offering water to the client hourly can help maintain hydration but may not be sufficient if the client has an underlying condition affecting fluid balance. It is important to first assess the client’s overall fluid status through intake and output records before implementing hydration strategies.

Choice C reason:

Reducing dairy product intake is not directly related to addressing confusion. Unless the client has a specific intolerance or allergy to dairy, this intervention is unlikely to impact their cognitive status.

Choice D reason:

Increasing daily sodium intake can be harmful if the client does not have a sodium deficiency. Excess sodium can lead to fluid retention and exacerbate confusion, especially in older adults. It is important to assess the client’s electrolyte levels before making any changes to sodium intake.