The nurse is collecting a stool specimen from a client. What stool characteristic indicates to the nurse that the client may have an upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleed?

Black, tarry stool

Clay-colored stool

Watery stool

Bright red blood in the stool

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Black, tarry stool is indicative of blood that has been digested in the upper GI tract. The dark color is due to the action of digestive enzymes on blood.
B.   Clay-colored stool is typically associated with biliary obstruction, not upper GI bleeding.
C.   Watery stool can be caused by various conditions, including infections, inflammatory bowel diseases, and medications. It is not a specific indicator of upper GI bleeding.
D.   Bright red blood in the stool is more likely to be associated with lower GI bleeding, such as from hemorrhoids or anal fissures.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While vitamin A can interact with some medications, it does not have a significant effect on verteporfin.
B. Verteporfin does not typically affect blood sugar levels.
C. Verteporfin is usually administered intravenously, so it is not taken orally.
D. Verteporfin is a photosensitizing agent used in photodynamic therapy for age-related macular degeneration. After treatment with verteporfin, the client should avoid sunlight and other intense light for several days to prevent a severe sunburn-like reaction. This is because verteporfin makes the skin and eyes more sensitive to light.

A. Edrophonium B. Prednisone C. Carbidopa-levodopa D. Riluzole

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Edrophonium is used to diagnose myasthenia gravis, a neuromuscular disorder that causes muscle weakness. It is not used to treat the symptoms described in the question.
B. Prednisone is a corticosteroid used to treat various conditions, including autoimmune diseases and allergies. It is not used to treat Parkinson's disease, which is the most likely diagnosis based on the symptoms described.
C. This medication is the gold standard for treating Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder that causes tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowed movements), and postural instability. Carbidopa- levodopa helps to increase dopamine levels in the brain, which can improve motor function and reduce symptoms.
D. Riluzole is used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons. It is not used to treat Parkinson's disease.

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The nurse is collecting a stool specimen from a client. What stool characteristic indicates to the nurse that the client may have an upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleed?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is undergoing photodynamic therapy with the medication Verteporfin. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching for this client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client is seen in a primary care provider's office. The client has gradually developed a stooped posture, shuffling gait, and a lack of facial expressions. Which medication should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed to treat these symptoms?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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