The nurse is educating a patient about the use of a beta blocker to control their blood pressure. Which medication below would be considered a beta blocker?
cardizem
laberolol
losartan
simvastatin
The Correct Answer is B
A) Cardizem:
Cardizem (diltiazem) is a calcium channel blocker. Calcium channel blockers work by inhibiting the entry of calcium into the smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, which helps relax the blood vessels and lower blood pressure.
B) Labetalol:
Labetalol is a beta blocker and an alpha-1 blocker. It works by blocking both beta-adrenergic receptors (which help decrease heart rate and blood pressure) and alpha-1 receptors (which cause vasodilation). This dual action makes labetalol effective in treating high blood pressure, especially in patients with conditions like hypertension and hypertensive emergencies. It reduces heart rate and helps relax blood vessels, improving blood flow.
C) Losartan:
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). ARBs work by blocking the effects of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict. By blocking this effect, losartan helps lower blood pressure and is used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.
D) Simvastatin:
Simvastatin is a statin, which is a medication used to lower cholesterol levels. Statins work by inhibiting an enzyme involved in cholesterol production in the liver. They are used primarily to manage high cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart disease, but they do not have an effect on heart rate or blood pressure, unlike beta blockers.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Given:
Volume of Glucerna 1.2: 237 mL
Desired concentration: 1/2 strength
Step 1: Determine the volume of Glucerna 1.2 needed for the half-strength solution:
Volume of Glucerna 1.2 for half-strength = Original volume / 2
Volume of Glucerna 1.2 for half-strength = 237 mL / 2
Volume of Glucerna 1.2 for half-strength = 118.5 mL
Step 2: Calculate the amount of water to be added:
Amount of water = Original volume - Volume of Glucerna 1.2 for half-strength
Amount of water = 237 mL - 118.5 mL
Amount of water = 118.5 mL
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Given:
Volume of fluid: 500 mL
Infusion time: 8 hours
Drop factor: 10 gtt/mL
Medication volume: 10 mL (added to the fluid)
Step 1: Calculate the total volume to be infused:
Total volume = Volume of fluid + Volume of medication
Total volume = 500 mL + 10 mL
Total volume = 510 mL
Step 2: Calculate the infusion rate in mL/hr:
Infusion rate (mL/hr) = Total volume (mL) / Infusion time (hr)
Infusion rate (mL/hr) = 510 mL / 8 hr
Infusion rate (mL/hr) = 63.75 mL/hr
Step 3: Calculate the infusion rate in gtt/min:
Infusion rate (gtt/min) = Infusion rate (mL/hr) x Drop factor (gtt/mL) / 60 min/hr
Infusion rate (gtt/min) = 63.75 mL/hr x 10 gtt/mL / 60 min/hr
Infusion rate (gtt/min) = 10.625 gtt/min
Step 4: Round to the nearest whole number:
Infusion rate (gtt/min) ≈ 11 gtt/min
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