The nurse is educating the family of a patient in the late stages of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Which information is most important for the nurse to include?

Cognitive and mental capacities will most likely remain intact throughout the disease progression.

Ability to swallow will remain intact.

Breathing should not be affected by the disease.

Ability to move the upper limbs may be affected.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. ALS primarily affects motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis, but cognitive and mental functions usually remain intact. This is important for family understanding and care planning.
B. The ability to swallow is often impaired in late stages due to muscle weakness.
C. Breathing is affected as respiratory muscles weaken, which is a critical concern in ALS progression.
D. Both upper and lower limb movements are typically affected as the disease advances, but cognitive status is a key point to clarify with families.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["38.3"]

Explanation

Use the conversion formula:
°C = (°F − 32) × 5⁄9

Substitute the values:
°C = (100.9 − 32) × 5⁄9
°C = 68.9 × 5⁄9
°C = 344.5 ÷ 9
°C ≈ 38.28

Rounded to one decimal place: 38.3°C

Final Answer:38.3 C

A. Has delayed fine-motor development B. Exhibits atrophy of calf muscles C. Ambulates by holding onto furniture D. Falls frequently and is clumsy

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Delayed fine-motor development is not typically an early or defining feature of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD); gross motor delays are more characteristic.
B. In DMD, the calf muscles may appear enlarged (pseudohypertrophy)due to fat and connective tissue replacing muscle, not true atrophy in early stages.
C. Holding onto furniture is more characteristic of toddlers with normal or delayed gross motor development, not specific to DMD.
D. Frequent falls and clumsinessare hallmark early signsof DMD, reflecting progressive muscle weakness, especially in the pelvic and thigh muscles.

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The nurse is educating the family of a patient in the late stages of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Which information is most important for the nurse to include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Convert 100.9 F to Celcius, (Answer ex: 37.9C)

Correct Answer is ["38.3"]

Explanation

What characteristic manifestation does the nurse caring for a child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy document?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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