Which factor(s) is/are most likely a potential cause(s) of multiple sclerosis (MS)?
Hypersensitivity reaction attacking the myelin
Environmental factors and genetic predisposition
Allergies response to antiviral medications
bacterial infection of the myelin
The Correct Answer is B
A. MS is believed to be an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the myelin sheath, but it is not simply a hypersensitivity reaction.
B. Current evidence suggests that a combination of environmental factors (such as viral infections, vitamin D deficiency) and genetic predisposition contribute to the development of MS.
C. Allergic responses to antiviral medications are not linked to causing MS.
D. MS is not caused by a bacterial infection of the myelin; it is an autoimmune demyelinating disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The nurse should assess for alteration in peripheral circulation, such as changes in color, temperature, pulse, or sensation in the lower extremities. The abductor wedgekeeps the legs abducted to prevent dislocation of the hip, but if applied improperly, it may impair circulation or cause nerve compression.
B. Muscle spasms can occur after surgery but are not directly related to the use of an abduction wedge.
C. Compression fractures are not a typical concern in the immediate care of a patient with an abduction wedge after hip replacement.
D. While correct wedge size is important, the priorityis to monitor for complications such as compromised circulation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Delayed fine-motor development is not typically an early or defining feature of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD); gross motor delays are more characteristic.
B. In DMD, the calf muscles may appear enlarged (pseudohypertrophy)due to fat and connective tissue replacing muscle, not true atrophy in early stages.
C. Holding onto furniture is more characteristic of toddlers with normal or delayed gross motor development, not specific to DMD.
D. Frequent falls and clumsinessare hallmark early signsof DMD, reflecting progressive muscle weakness, especially in the pelvic and thigh muscles.
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