The nurse is educating the parents of a recently diagnosed child with asthma. When reviewing the medications, the nurse explains the differences between rescue and controller medications. The nurse focuses on teaching the family which anti-inflammatory corticosteroid is used to prevent an asthma attack.

Cromolyn sodium (Intal)

Levalbuterol (Xopenax)

Terbutaline (Brethaire)

Budesonide (Pulmocort)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Cromolyn sodium is a mast cell stabilizer, not a corticosteroid. It is used for preventing asthma symptoms, but it is not a corticosteroid and is less commonly used now.
B. Levalbuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) and used as a rescue medication, not for long-term prevention.
C. Terbutaline is a beta-2 agonist and may be used for rescue or emergency use, especially in status asthmaticus, but not a corticosteroid or daily controller.
D. Budesonide (Pulmicort) is an inhaled corticosteroid used regularly as a controller medication to prevent asthma attacks by reducing airway inflammation. It is not used for acute relief, but rather for long-term management of asthma.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Fatigue is a common symptom in terminally ill children, but it is not the one identified in research as receiving the least relief.
B. Respiratory distress is also common, especially in the final days, but symptom relief is typically addressed through oxygen therapy or medications like opioids or benzodiazepines.
C. Pain is one of the most commonly reported and under-relieved symptoms in dying children. Studies have shown that despite available pain management strategies, only about 27% of children receive adequate pain relief in their final weeks. This highlights the need for better pediatric palliative care practices.
D. Poor appetite is expected and typically accepted as part of the dying process, and while distressing to families, it is not the most inadequately managed symptom.

A. "Why does it bother you that your child has wet the bed?" B. "Your child did not seem upset, so I wouldn't worry about it if I were you." C. "I know this can really be embarrassing. I have kids myself, so I understand, and it doesn't bother me." D. "It is expected for children who are hospitalized to regress. The toileting skills will return when your child is feeling better.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This response may come across as judgmental or confrontational, and it doesn’t validate the parent's concern or offer reassurance.
B. This response minimizes the parent's feelings and does not offer helpful or informative support.
C. While empathetic, this response shifts the focus to the nurse rather than addressing the parent's concern with a professional explanation.
D. Hospitalization can cause regression in young children due to stress, illness, or unfamiliar environments. This response offers reassurance, normalizes the behavior, and provides an educational explanation to ease the parent's embarrassment and concern.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Symptom management for children who are dying is a challenging and often the responsibility of the pediatric nurse. Research has shown that only 27% of dying children experience relief from which common symptom is experienced during the child's last weeks of life?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse cares for a 4-year-old child with croup who wets the bed overnight. When the parents visit the next day, the nurse explains the situation, and one of the parents says, "She never wets the bed at home. I am so embarrassed." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which of the following would surgical closure of the patent ductus arteriosus do?

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