The nurse is explaining to a patient why oral antihyperglycemic agents are not effective in Type 1 diabetes. What is the reason?

People with Type 1 diabetes have little or none of their own insulin that can be released.

People with Type 1 diabetes would need so much of an oral antihyperglycemic agent that it would cost too much.

People with Type 1 diabetes have resistance to their endogenous insulin.

People with Type 1 diabetes would have more episodes of hypoglycemia with oral antihyperglycemic agents.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

People with Type 1 diabetes have little or no insulin that can be released. This is because their pancreatic β-cells, which produce insulin, are destroyed by an autoimmune process. Without insulin, glucose cannot be taken up into cells to be used for energy. Oral antihyperglycemic agents work by increasing the release of insulin or increasing the body’s sensitivity to insulin, so they are not effective in Type 1 diabetes where there is an absolute insulin deficiency.

Choice B rationale

The cost of oral antihyperglycemic agents is not the primary reason they are not used in Type 1 diabetes. The main issue is the lack of insulin production, which these medications cannot address.

Choice C rationale

People with Type 1 diabetes do not typically have resistance to their endogenous insulin. Insulin resistance is more commonly associated with Type 2 diabetes.

Choice D rationale

While hypoglycemia can occur with the use of some antihyperglycemic agents, this is not the primary reason these medications are not used in Type 1 diabetes. The main issue is the absolute deficiency of insulin.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Administering the prescribed antibiotic early might not be the most immediate action. While antibiotics can help treat an infection, it’s crucial to first confirm the presence of an infection before starting antibiotic therapy.

Choice B rationale

Applying a sterile dressing to the area is important, but it’s not the priority nursing action. Dressings help protect the wound from further contamination, but they do not address the underlying issue of a potential infection.

Choice C rationale

Reporting the finding to the care provider is the priority nursing action. The symptoms described - a new foul odor coming from the incision, which is erythematous, tender, and warm to the touch - suggest a possible infection. Immediate reporting allows for prompt evaluation and treatment, which is crucial in preventing further complications.

Choice D rationale

Obtaining a culture of the incision might be necessary to identify the specific causative agent of the infection, but it’s not the priority action. It’s more important to first report the findings to the care provider.

A. Reposition the limb and reassess. B. Apply a warm blanket. C. Notify the healthcare provider. D. Elevate the extremity on a pillow.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While repositioning the limb and reassessing might be a part of the overall evaluation, it should not be the immediate action. The symptoms described are indicative of a serious issue that requires immediate medical attention.

Choice B rationale

Applying a warm blanket will not address the underlying issue. The symptoms described suggest a problem with circulation that needs immediate medical attention.

Choice C rationale

Notifying the healthcare provider is the correct immediate action. The symptoms described suggest that the patient may be experiencing a complication such as occlusion of the stent. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention.

Choice D rationale

Elevating the extremity on a pillow is not the immediate action to take. While elevation can help with conditions like edema, it does not address the serious symptoms the patient is experiencing.

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The nurse is explaining to a patient why oral antihyperglycemic agents are not effective in Type 1 diabetes. What is the reason?

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient who had an above-the-knee amputation (AKA) five days ago. The nurse notices a new foul odor coming from the incision, which is erythematous, tender, and warm to the touch. What is the priority nursing action in this situation?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

A patient has returned to the unit following a peripheral artery angiogram with a stent insertion. Four hours post-procedure, the nurse can no longer palpate the dorsalis pedis pulse and the foot is cold and dusky. What should be the nurse’s immediate action?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

The nurse is aware that the diagnostic level of a fasting blood glucose for a client with diabetes is:

A nurse gives a client 10 units of insulin lispro at 0630. When should the client have breakfast?

A client undergoing screening for diabetes has a fasting plasma glucose level of 118 mg/dL. What should the nurse plan to educate the client about?

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A client has just returned to the surgical unit following a femoral-popliteal bypass of the right leg. In which position should the nurse place the client?

A patient has been receiving warfarin sodium 2.5 mg PO daily for four days and the International Normalized Ratio (INR) is 1.9. What should be the nurse’s next step?

A nurse is caring for a patient who has peripheral arterial disease (PAD). What symptoms should the nurse expect to find in the early stage of the disease?

Which clinical manifestation should the nurse anticipate as an expected finding for a client diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?