The nurse is explaining to a patient why oral antihyperglycemic agents are not effective in Type 1 diabetes. What is the reason?

People with Type 1 diabetes have little or none of their own insulin that can be released.

People with Type 1 diabetes would need so much of an oral antihyperglycemic agent that it would cost too much.

People with Type 1 diabetes have resistance to their endogenous insulin.

People with Type 1 diabetes would have more episodes of hypoglycemia with oral antihyperglycemic agents.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

People with Type 1 diabetes have little or no insulin that can be released. This is because their pancreatic β-cells, which produce insulin, are destroyed by an autoimmune process. Without insulin, glucose cannot be taken up into cells to be used for energy. Oral antihyperglycemic agents work by increasing the release of insulin or increasing the body’s sensitivity to insulin, so they are not effective in Type 1 diabetes where there is an absolute insulin deficiency.

Choice B rationale

The cost of oral antihyperglycemic agents is not the primary reason they are not used in Type 1 diabetes. The main issue is the lack of insulin production, which these medications cannot address.

Choice C rationale

People with Type 1 diabetes do not typically have resistance to their endogenous insulin. Insulin resistance is more commonly associated with Type 2 diabetes.

Choice D rationale

While hypoglycemia can occur with the use of some antihyperglycemic agents, this is not the primary reason these medications are not used in Type 1 diabetes. The main issue is the absolute deficiency of insulin.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While a past medical history of myocardial infarction does increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), it is not the highest risk factor among the options provided. Other factors such as immobility, surgery, and certain medical conditions can pose a higher risk.

Choice B rationale

Postoperative patients, such as those who have had a laparoscopic knee replacement, are at an increased risk for DVT due to periods of immobility and changes in blood flow and clotting.

However, the risk is not as high as in patients who have undergone major open abdominal surgery.

Choice C rationale

Patients who have undergone major open abdominal surgery are at the highest risk for the development of DVT among the options provided. The surgery itself, along with the postoperative period of immobility, significantly increases the risk of DVT34567.

Choice D rationale

While peptic ulcers can be associated with certain risk factors for DVT, such as age and immobility due to pain, they do not pose as high a risk as major open abdominal surgery.

A. Heparin makes the blood less thick and easier to flow. B. Heparin dissolves the clot and decreases the formation of platelets. C. Heparin does not thin the blood; it prevents new clots from forming. D. Heparin decreases the number of platelets so the blood flows more easily.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Heparin does not actually thin the blood or make it less thick. Instead, it works by increasing the activity of antithrombin, a protein that inhibits blood clotting. This prevents new clots from forming and existing clots from growing larger.

Choice B rationale

Heparin does not dissolve clots or decrease the formation of platelets. Its primary action is to increase the activity of antithrombin, which in turn inactivates thrombin and factor Xa, two key players in the blood clotting process.

Choice C rationale

This statement is accurate. Heparin does not thin the blood; instead, it prevents new clots from forming and existing clots from growing larger. It does this by increasing the activity of antithrombin, which in turn inactivates thrombin and factor Xa.

Choice D rationale

Heparin does not decrease the number of platelets or make the blood flow more easily. Its primary action is to increase the activity of antithrombin, which in turn inactivates thrombin and factor Xa.

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The nurse is explaining to a patient why oral antihyperglycemic agents are not effective in Type 1 diabetes. What is the reason?

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for the following four clients on the nursing unit. Which client is at the highest risk for the development of deep vein thrombosis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

A patient diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis asks the nurse, “How does this blood thinner heparin work?” Which response is most accurate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

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