The nurse is getting ready to give medications to an eight-month-old infant diagnosed with heart failure.
The infant’s vital signs are as follows: blood pressure 114/66 mm Hg, apical pulse 88 beats/minute, and respirations 30 breaths/minute.
Which medication should the nurse hold and inform the health care provider?
Enalapril
Digoxin
Furosemide
Hydralazine
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor commonly used in the treatment of heart failure. It works by widening blood vessels, which reduces the workload of the heart and helps keep heart failure from getting worse. In the given scenario, there is no specific indication to hold Enalapril based on the infant’s vital signs.
Choice B rationale
Digoxin is a medication that can help the heart beat stronger with a more regular rhythm. However, it is important to monitor the patient’s heart rate when administering Digoxin, as it can lower the heart rate. In this case, the infant’s apical pulse is 88 beats/minute, which is lower than the normal range for an eight-month-old infant (normal range: 100-160 beats/minute). Therefore, the nurse should hold the Digoxin and inform the healthcare provider.
Choice C rationale
Furosemide is a diuretic that helps the kidneys get rid of extra fluid that may build up in the body. It is often used in the treatment of heart failure to relieve symptoms such as fluid retention. In the given scenario, there is no specific indication to hold Furosemide based on the infant’s vital signs.
Choice D rationale
Hydralazine is a medication used to treat high blood pressure. It works by relaxing and widening blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. In the given scenario, there is no specific indication to hold Hydralazine based on the infant’s vital signs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Checking for signs of teeth clenching or grinding is not typically necessary in a child who has undergone a tonsillectomy and is swallowing frequently. These signs are not typically associated with post-tonsillectomy complications.
Choice B rationale
Inspecting the back of the throat is an appropriate action for the nurse to take next. Frequent swallowing can be a sign of bleeding in the throat, which is a potential complication of tonsillectomy. By inspecting the back of the throat, the nurse can assess for signs of bleeding.
Choice C rationale
Stimulating the gag reflex by touching the tonsillar pillars is not typically necessary in a child who has undergone a tonsillectomy and is swallowing frequently. This action could potentially cause discomfort or induce vomiting.
Choice D rationale
Asking the child to speak to assess for any changes in voice tone is not typically necessary in a child who has undergone a tonsillectomy and is swallowing frequently. Changes in voice tone are not typically associated with post-tonsillectomy complications.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The first action the nurse should take when caring for an adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus who presents with an HbA1c of 11% (97 mmol/mol), thirst, and blurred vision is to obtain point-of-care glucose. These symptoms are indicative of hyperglycemia, and immediate blood glucose testing is necessary to confirm this and guide further treatment.
Choice B rationale
Assessing urine for ketones is important in managing diabetes, especially in cases of suspected diabetic ketoacidosis. However, this would not be the first action to take in this scenario.
Choice C rationale
Checking blood pressure is a standard part of any physical assessment, but it would not be the first action to take in this scenario.
Choice D rationale
Reviewing prior insulin prescriptions can provide valuable information about the patient’s management of their diabetes, but it would not be the first action to take in this scenario.
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