The nurse is instructing the parents of a child with sickle cell anemia on safety precautions. What should the nurse emphasize during this teaching?
Remind parents that the child should avoid immunizations to prevent the introduction of bacteria into the body.
Suggest the child participate in sports activities without restriction.
Treat upper respiratory infections with over-the-counter medication.
Ensure a consistent and daily intake of adequate fluids to prevent dehydration.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Children with sickle cell anemia should receive all recommended immunizations to protect against infections, which can trigger a sickle cell crisis.
B. Participating in sports should be done with caution, and activities that lead to dehydration or overexertion should be avoided.
C. Over-the-counter medications should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a healthcare provider, as some medications may not be suitable for children with sickle cell anemia.
D. Ensuring adequate hydration is crucial for preventing sickle cell crises. Dehydration can increase blood viscosity, leading to sickling of the red blood cells and subsequent pain and complications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A bulging fontanel indicates increased intracranial pressure or fluid overload, not dehydration. With dehydration, you expect a sunken fontanel.
B. Bradypnea (slow breathing) is not typically associated with dehydration and may indicate other issues.
C. A capillary refill time of 3 seconds suggests delayed perfusion, but it is not as indicative of severe dehydration as other signs.
D. Severity of dehydration is classified by percentage of body weight lost:Severe: ≥10% loss, moderate: 6–9% loss, mild: 3–5% loss. A 13% loss = severe dehydration, which matches the scenario.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Deep, rapid respirations, known as Kussmaul respirations, are typically associated with hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis, not hypoglycemia.
B. Tachycardia is a common symptom of hypoglycemia, as the body releases adrenaline in response to low blood glucose levels, leading to an increased heart rate.
C. Polyuria is associated with hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.
D. Dry, flushed skin is typically a sign of dehydration or hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.
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